近30年川中丘陵县域表层土壤pH值时空变化分析——以四川仁寿县为例  

Temporal and Spatial Variation of Topsoil pH Value in Hilly Area of Middle Sichuan Basin during 1981-2012:A Case Study in Renshou County,Sichuan

作　　者：李珊[1] 肖怡[1] 李启权[1] 张维[1] 罗由林 蒋欣烨 张浩[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学资源学院,四川温江611130

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2015年第4期377-384,414,共9页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(4120124)

摘　　要：【目的】研究1981~2012年仁寿县表层土壤pH值时空变化特征。【方法】以1980年第二次土壤普查资料和2010年实地采样数据为基础,应用GIS技术和地统计学等研究方法分析研究区表层土壤pH值的时空变化及其在不同土壤类型、成土母质和土地利用方式下的变化特征。【结果】1981~2012年间研究区表层土壤pH值的空间分布格局基本一致,以东北和西南高,西北和东南低。土壤pH值由7.10下降到6.80,整体表现出酸化趋势,酸化程度由中部向西北和东南增强。其中以灌口组泥砂岩、自流井组泥灰岩、第四系老冲积冰水沉积物及须家河组砂岩发育形成的土壤pH值下降幅度最大,在9.69%~12.65%之间;各土壤类型pH的下降幅度与其初始值呈负相关,表现为黄壤（12.30%）〉水稻土（4.46%）〉紫色土（2.95%）;不同土地利用方式土壤pH的下降幅度以园地和水旱轮作最大,分别下降了0.50和0.66个单位。半方差分析表明,土壤pH值的变程由65.9km缩短至52.7km,块金值与基台值的比值由29.1%增加到30.1%,随机性因素使结构性因素的作用减弱,空间自相关程度和范围降低。影响因素的显著性分析表明,成土母质和土壤类型对1981年和2012年土壤pH值均有极显著影响（P〈0.01）,土地利用方式的作用由显著（P〈0.05）变为极显著（P〈0.01）。【结论】近30年来研究区土壤呈酸化趋势,表层土壤pH值时空变异受成土母质和土壤类型等结构性因素及土地利用方式等随机性因素的影响,且随机性因素对研究区表层土壤pH值时空变异的影响在增强。【Objective】The aim of this paper was to reveal the temporal and spatial variation of topsoil pH value in Renshou county of Sichuan during 1981-2012.【Method】Based on the data of the second national soil survey of Renshou county in the early 1980 sand data measured in 2010,temporal and spatial variation of topsoil pH value and effects of parent material,soil type and land use type on soil pH were analyzed using the geo-statistics and geographical information system technology.【Results】The spatial distribution of topsoil pH value in the area in 2012 was consistence with that in 1981.The soil pH value was higher in the northeast and southwest but lower in the northeast and southwest.The average soil pH value declined from 7.10 to 6.80 with the extent of 4.14%in the past 30 years,suggesting that soil was becoming acid.The magnitude of soil acidification gradually increased from the central to the northeast and southwest.Soils developedfrom K1 g shaly sandstone,J1 z marl,Q2 alluvial deposits and T3 X sandstone displayed the most serious acidification tendency with the extent between 9.69% and 12.65%.The decline extent of soil pH was negatively corrected with the initial value of different soil type,showing a trend of yellow soil（12.30%） paddy soil（4.46%） purplish soil（2.95%）.Soil pH values of garden land and cropland with paddy-upland rotation showed the biggest decline,dropping by 0.50and0.66 units respectively.According to the results of semi-variogram analysis,the range of soil pH value declined from 65.9km to 52.7km while the value of the nugget to sill ratio increased from29.1%to 30.1%,indicating that the effect of structural factors became weaker and the spatial autocorrelation scope of soil pH was reduced.The statistical analysis showed both soil parents and soil types significantly influenced soil pH value（P0.01）in the past 30 years,while the effect size of land use types varied from significant（P0.05）to very significant（P0.01）.【Conclusion】The soil in the study area shows

关 键 词：土壤PH 时空变化 土壤酸化 川中丘陵 

分 类 号：S153.4[农业科学—土壤学] X144[农业科学—农业基础科学]