0808号台风“凤凰”登陆衰减后空间结构与再生对流云团演变特征分析  

ANALYSIS ON CHARACTERISTICS OF SPATIAL STRUCTURE OF WEAKENED TYPHOON FUNG-WONG(0808) AFTER LANDFALL AND REGENERATION OF CONVECTIVE CLOUD CLUSTER EVOLUTION

作　　者：曾明剑[1,2] 吴海英[2,3] 郑媛媛[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省气象科学研究所,江苏南京210009 [2]中国气象局交通气象重点实验室,江苏南京210009 [3]江苏省气象台,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《热带气象学报》2015年第6期782-795,共14页Journal of Tropical Meteorology

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金(BK20131459);江苏省科技支撑计划(BE2013730);公益性行业专项(GYHY201206004)共同资助

摘　　要：基于逐日4次1°×1°NCEP再分析资料、卫星红外云图和苏皖两省自动气象站逐时降雨观测资料,采用先进的可视化流体分析技术,对0808号台风"凤凰"登陆衰减后的空间结构演变特征和期间对流云团的生消发展进程进行了详细分析。分析表明,衰减后的台风"凤凰"的流场结构和云团(降水)变化与其它天气系统存在密切联系,其在苏皖地区产生的两阶段特大暴雨过程对应着对流云团的两次更替。第一阶段,华南对流云带和川东对流云团对水汽和能量的接力输送,以及对流层底层始终维持的强盛西南暖湿气流的存在促进了台风本体残余环流中对流的发展,使得台风"凤凰"螺旋状结构解体后在皖南地区产生新的强对流云团,造成皖南地区强降水;第二阶段则是由于对流层中低层干而不冷的西北气流与倾斜上升的底层西南气流共同作用,在暴雨区对流层中层形成了新的疑似台风的螺旋状涡旋结构,使对流云团迅速再次更替,对应地面降水剧烈增强,并且这支西北气流作为新生对流单体的制造参与者和输送者,使强降水对流云团长时间维持,最终导致苏皖特大暴雨的产生。Based on 4-times daily 1 °×1 °reanalysis data of NCEP, satellite IR image and hourly rainfall data of automatic weather stations in Jiangsu and Anhui provinces, an advanced visual fluid analysis technology was applied to comprehensively analyze the characteristics of the spatial structure evolution of weakened typhoon Fung-wong（0808） after landfall. In addition, the formation and dissipation of convective cloud clusters was also studied. Results show that the change of flow field structure and cloud cluster（of precipitation） with the weakened typhoon ＂Fung-Wong＂ had close relation with other weather systems, and two stages of rainstorm in the Jiangsu and Anhui areas corresponded to two replacements of convective cloud clusters. At the first stage, a convective cloud band in South China and a convective cloud cluster in eastern Sichuan province relayed the transportation of vapor and energy, and the existence of a sustained strong southwest warm moist airflow in the low layer of the troposphere promoted the development of convection in residual circulation of the typhoon, which made it generate new strong convective cloud clusters in southern Anhui after the breakup of its spiral structure, leading to strong precipitation there. At the second stage, the interaction of a dry and mildly cold northwest airflow in the middle and low layer of the troposphere with an inclined upward Southwest airflow in the bottom layer formed a new typhoon-like helical vortex structure in the middle layer of the troposphere in the rainstorm area, which caused the convective cloud cluster to replace rapidly again and the corresponding precipitation strengthen abruptly. Moreover, the northwest airflow, as the manufacturer and carrier of new convective cells, caused the long-term maintenance of the convective cloud cluster with strong precipitation, resulting in the exceptional rainstorm in the Jiangsu-Anhui area.

关 键 词：台风 衰减 空间结构 对流云团 演变 

分 类 号：P444[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]