警报接收端优化部署  

Optimized placement of indoor alarm receiving terminals

作　　者：盖文妹[1,2] 蒋仲安[1] 邓云峰[2] 李竞 杜焱[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学土木与环境工程学院,北京100083 [2]国家行政学院,北京100089 [3]中国安全科学生产研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《工程科学学报》2015年第12期1667-1675,共9页Chinese Journal of Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71173198;91324017;71103162);国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2012BAK03B05;2012BAK20B02);中国安全生产科学研究院基本科研项目'移动群载波应急报警广播系统研制开发'资助项目(2014JBKY02)

摘　　要：基于个体脆弱性模型将毒气扩散场景下人员疏散过程中的个人风险量化,并根据警报传播和人员跃迁规律求解不同警报接收端部署比例下的个人风险.运用运筹学中图论及多目标优化方法建立高含硫井场警报接收端部署双目标优化模型,并基于贪心算法思想提出求解该模型的实用算法,从而获得模型的较好非劣解.以某山区高含硫井场应急预警通知项目为例,通过程序运算得到该井场警报接收端部署子区域的边界及对应的部署比例.分析表明,在降低部署成本及缓解道路拥塞水平方面,该优化部署方法比传统的平均部署方法更具优越性.Individual risks in evacuation under toxic gas diffusion conditions were quantified on the basis of the human vulnerability model. The alert communication and people transition laws were used to determine individual risks at different deployment ratios of alert receiving devices. A bi-objective mathematical model of deployment for alert receiving devices around natural gas wells in operation was built by the graph theory and multi-objective optimization method,and based on the greedy algorithm a practical algorithm was introduced to solve a better non-inferior solution of the model. Finally,taking the emergency warning project of a montanic gas well as an example,the border of deployment sub-regions and the corresponding deployment proportion were achieved by program computation. The results show that,for the same risk mitigation goals,this method has a better economy than the average deployment method in reducing deployment costs and relieving road congestion.

关 键 词：安全工程 警报系统 部署 多目标优化模型 贪心策略 天然气井 

分 类 号：X931[环境科学与工程—安全科学] X913.1