煤矿井下喷雾降尘影响因素的试验研究  

Investigative study of the influential factors of dust reduction via moisture spray in the underground coal mine

作　　者：王鹏飞[1,2] 刘荣华[1,2] 汤梦 张文[1] 桂哲[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学能源与安全工程学院,湖南湘潭411201 [2]湖南科技大学煤矿安全开采技术湖南省重点实验室,湖南湘潭411201

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2015年第6期62-67,共6页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51574123)

摘　　要：为提高煤矿井下喷雾降尘效率和改善作业环境,研究相关影响因素与降尘效果间的关系。基于自行设计的喷雾降尘试验系统,采用粉尘质量浓度测定仪对井下常用的螺旋形压力喷嘴在不同喷雾压力、喷嘴直径、风流粉尘质量浓度及巷道风速下的降尘效果进行了系统的测定。结果表明,1)随喷雾压力增加,全尘和呼吸性粉尘的降尘效率均不断增加;但当喷雾压力增加至8 MPa后,继续提高喷雾压力,降尘效率的提高不明显。2)在相同喷雾压力下,随喷嘴直径增加,全尘降尘效率不断增加;而呼吸性粉尘降尘效率先增加后减小,在喷嘴直径为1.5mm时达到最大值。在耗水量相同的情况下,随喷嘴直径增加,全尘和呼吸性粉尘降尘效率均下降。3)在井下喷雾降尘中,当耗水量不受限制时,为同时确保全尘和呼吸性粉尘的降尘效率,选择直径为1.5 mm的喷嘴较为合适;当耗水量受限制时,宜选择直径为1.2 mm的喷嘴。4)随风流粉尘质量浓度增加,全尘和呼吸性粉尘的降尘效率均有所提高。5)随巷道风速增加,全尘和呼吸性粉尘的降尘效率均呈现一定程度的下降,且巷道风速对呼吸性粉尘的影响更为明显。对于煤矿井下喷雾降尘,工作面风速对全尘降尘效率的影响并不明显,但对呼吸性粉尘降尘效率有较大的影响。The paper is engaged in an investigative study of the influential factors of dust reduction via the moisture spray in the underground coal mine in hoping to increase the dust suppression efficiency and better the working conditions for the workers in the mine.For the said purpose,we have designed and prepared a kind of dust concentration determinator to make a systematic measurement to increase the dust suppression efficiency for the spiral pressure nozzle under different spray pressures,and different nozzle diameters for the different dust concentrations and air ventilation speeds.The trial application results indicate that it is possible for the total dust suppression efficiency and the respirable dust to keep rising continuously with the increase of the spray pressure.Literally speaking,when the spray pressure reaches 8 MPa,the dust suppression efficiency remains unchanged with further increase of the spray pressure.What is more,under the same spray pressure,the total dust reducing efficiency may turn to increase continuously with the increase of the nozzle diameter.However,further change of the nozzle diameter tends to lead to increase first and then decrease,eventually reaching its maximum when the nozzle diameter comes to 1.5 mm.On the other hand,with the increase of the nozzle diameter,it can be found that it is possible to reduce the total dust suppression efficiency and decrease the efficiencies of the respirable dust in case at the same water consumption.For example,when the water consumption is limitless in the mine,the proper diameter of the nozzle should be made 1.5 mm,which is expected to ensure the dust suppression efficiency both of the total dust and of the respirable dust.However,if the water use is limited,it is better to choose a nozzle with its diameter being 1.2 mm.Besides,the dust concentration of the airflow should increase with the total dust reducing efficiencies and improvement of the respirable dust.Nonetheless,with the increase of the ventilation speed,the efforts made to reduce the t

关 键 词：安全工程 喷雾 粉尘 降尘效率 影响因素 

分 类 号：X936[环境科学与工程—安全科学]