典型锂离子电池火灾灭火试验研究  

On the fire extinguishing tests of typical Lithium-ion battery

作　　者：李毅[1] 于东兴[1] 张少禹[1] 胡群明[1] 刘欣[1] 王健强[1] 

机构地区：[1]公安部天津消防研究所,天津300382

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2015年第6期120-125,共6页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：公安部天津消防研究所所级项目"锂离子电池火灾特性及灭火试验研究"(2012SJ-A-33)

摘　　要：为研究不同灭火剂扑救锂离子电池火灾的有效性,以18650型钴酸锂锂离子电池为研究对象,开展了干粉、二氧化碳、水成膜泡沫灭火剂等不同灭火剂及细水雾扑救锂离子电池火灾的实体灭火试验。结果表明:二氧化碳、ABC干粉、3%的水成膜泡沫灭火剂均能有效扑灭18650型钴酸锂锂离子电池火灾的明火,但灭火后均出现复燃现象,出现复燃的时间与灭火荆的冷却能力成正比;而细水雾在灭火系统喷雾强度为2.0 L/(min·m^2)、喷头安装高度为2.4 m的条件下,无法有效抑制或扑灭18650型钴酸锂锂离子电池火灾。This paper takes it as the research topic to study the18650-type LiCoO_2 lithium-ion battery-packs for the motor-bicycles as the fire-extinguishing model while the uniqueness of the lithium-ion battery fire combustion and its propagation features.For the research purpose,we have conducted the fire extinguishing tests in hoping to seek the suitable fire-extinguishing agent or system for putting out the lithium-ion battery fire.The aforementioned sets of common fire agent extinguishing tests have been done by using the so-called ABC powder,the carbon dioxide and the aqueous film-form foam（AFFF）,respectively,in the room conditions with the space of 1.6m×1.6m×1.8 m.As to the water mist fire-extinguishing system,we have adopted different system settings in the room condition with the space of 6 m × 6 m × 2.4 m.As for the testing parameters,we have taken the combustion phenomena,the fire-extinguishing time,the re-ignilion time,the gas temperature,and so on,to be tested,measured and recorded as the testing items.The testing results indicate that：the carbon dioxide,the ABC powder and 3%AFFF prove to be able to extinguish the open flames of 18650-type of LiCoO_2 lithium-ion battery fire,though the combustion fire is likely to get restarted as soon as it would be possible due to the continuous heat release,the combustible gas discharge and oxygen discharge from the battery.It is also for the re-ignition to prolong even with the increase of the agent＇s cooling capacity.Of all the four sets of system extinguishing tests,the fire-smothering effect of the water mist can only be conspicuous at the beginning of the test.When the fire-extinguishing system actuation,it would be possible for the battery-packs to burn,and keep burning continuously and eventually burst-out.Based on the experimental study on the validation of the different agents and water mist system on the typical lithium-ion battery fire,it comes to the conclusion that：to extinguish lithium-ion battery fire successfully,it is necessary to keep cooling

关 键 词：安全工程 锂离子电池 灭火试验 灭火剂 细水雾 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]