船舶载运煤炭甲烷释放特性研究  

On the methane release characteristic features from the coal in the process of shipment or transportation

作　　者：赵象卓 包小龙 吴涛[1] 张璐宇 韩军[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学矿业学院,辽宁阜新123000

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2015年第6期136-140,共5页Journal of Safety and Environment

摘　　要：为了研究船舶载运煤炭甲烷释放规律,基于Fick扩散定律建立了货舱甲烷体积分数计算模型,分析了不同扩散系数条件下甲烷释放量与时间的关系,确定了空隙系数的取值范围,通过对某船舶煤炭运输过程中甲烷体积分数随船实测对模型进行了验证。结果表明,货舱甲烷体积分数随运输时间增加而增加,扩散系数为1.0×10^(-8)cm^2/s时,甲烷释放量达到极大值;煤炭的空隙系数基本在0.53~0.57 m^3/t之间。当煤炭极限甲烷解吸量为1.6~3.83 m^3/t时,货舱甲烷最高体积分数在0.53%~1.22%,5个货舱中4个货舱的甲烷释放量与理论计算相吻合,1个货舱的最大甲烷释放量高出理论计算量6%,船运煤炭过程中的甲烷释放计算模型与实测结果较为吻合。对于甲烷体积分数超限的货舱,及时通风可使甲烷体积分数迅速降低,有效地解决船运煤炭过程中甲烷体积分数超限的问题。The paper is inclined to bring about its study on the methane release characteristic features from the coal during its shipment for its being potentially dangerous for the managing cargo-holders.In hoping to find the regularity-of the methane release from the coal transportation,we have developed a calculation model of methane concentration changing regularities in the cargo holding based on the Fick diffusion rule,the mass conservation regularity,the cargo stowage factor and the coal density.In so doing,we have first of all analyzed the relation between the amount of the released methane and the time length under different diffusion coefficients so as to determine the range of the void coefficient and build up the calculation model for the methane concentration in the cargo holds.We have also tested and verified the model by measuring the methane concentration in the process of an authentic coal transportation and shipment.The results of our study show that the methane concentration in the cargo hold increases with the transportation time prolonging before the amount of methane emission reaches the maximum limit when the diffusion coefficient goes up to 1.0 × 10（-8） cm2/s.On the other hand,the void coefficient of the coal tends always to stay between 0.53-0.57 m3/t.What is more,when the methane concentration in the cargo hold in the process of transportation or shipment exceeds 1%,it would be likely to lead to some kind of potential risk.For example,when the cargo holds stay in the ship by the 68-th hour,the actual measured concentration of the released methane in No.2 cargo tend to go up to 1.04%.Then,the actual methane concentration rate in the four cargo holds proves to be in accord with the theoretical calculation,except for in one cargo hold turning to be 6%higher than that given by the theoretical account.In spite of this,the different stack locations of the port and the cargo hold sealability may also lead to the changes of the methane concentration rate when the coal is put on the ship.Thus,when the

关 键 词：安全工程 船舶运输 煤炭 甲烷释放 通风 

分 类 号：X951[环境科学与工程—安全科学]