淮河流域河南段水生植物多样性评价及其影响因素分析  

The Evaluation of the Hydrophytes Diversity and Its Influencing Factors of the Huaihe River Basin Henan Section

作　　者：吕晓燕[1] 于鲁冀[1,2] 王莉[3,2] 范鹏宇[1] 徐艳红[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学环境政策规划评价研究中心,河南郑州450002 [2]郑州大学水利与环境学院,河南郑州450001 [3]西安理工大学西北旱区生态水利工程国家重点实验室培育基地,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《中国环境监测》2015年第6期83-90,共8页Environmental Monitoring in China

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项"淮河流域河南段水生态修复关键技术研究与示范"(2012 ZX07204004-001)

摘　　要：通过对淮河流域河南段开展野外调查及室内监测,分析河流水生植物类群组成及优势物种,从多样性、丰富度、优势度、均匀度4个方面对水生植物进行健康评价,采用CCA分析法探讨影响水生植物的关键环境因素。结果表明,淮河流域河南段共有水生植物38种,隶属于25科33属,分布广泛的优势种为芦苇、水花生、金鱼藻、轮叶黑藻、水蓼、水鳖、篦齿眼子菜。针对健康评价结果,淮河流域河南段水生植物呈现病态到健康状态。分析表明河流生态系统遭受破坏,生态系统呈现不稳定状况,主要原因为水质污染及人为活动干扰强烈。根据水生植物分布与水环境因子CCA响应关系研究,影响水生植物的主要因子为TP、COD、p H、电导率、氨氮。On the basis of field survey and laboratory measurement,the species composition and dominant species of aquatic plants in Huaihe river basin Henan section was analyzed in this study. The community diversity index,richness index,dominance index and evenness index of aquatic plant were used to evaluate the health status of aquatic plant,and canonical correspondence analysis（ CCA） was used to analysis the key environmental elements that affect the distribution of the hydrophytes. The results showed that there were 38 aquatic plant species which belonging to 25 families and 33 genera were recorded. The widespread plant species were Phragmites australis,Alternanthera philoxeroides,Ceratophyllum demersum,Hydrilla verticillata,Polygonum hydropiper,Hydrocharis dubia and Potamogeton crispus. The results of health evaluation of the hydrophytes showed that the health status of aquatic plant presented sick to healthy state. The analysis indicated that the river ecological system was determined and in unstable situation Because of the influence of water pollution and intense human disturbance. The CCA of the hydrophytes and water environment factors showed that TP,COD,p H,Conductivity and Ammonia were the main factors influencing the distribution of aquatic plant.

关 键 词：淮河流域河南段 水生植物 多样性指数 健康评价 CCA分析 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]