降雨融化层对电波散射与衰减特性的研究  

Study of electromagnetic wave scattering and attenuation properties due to a melting layer of precipition

作　　者：杨瑞科[1] 吴振森[1] 陈银良[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安电子科技大学理学院,陕西西安710071

出　　处：《西安电子科技大学学报》2002年第4期451-454,481,共5页Journal of Xidian University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 (60 0 810 0 2 )

摘　　要：提出了更为切合实际的融化粒子的涂水雪球模型 .应用涂层球的计算方法计算了不同大小和不同融化状态下的融化粒子的散射特性及反照率 ,结果表明频率在 6及 10GHz时 ,粒子的反照率较雨滴和冰球的大 .计算了不同降雨率 ,不同融化度状态下融化层的单位距离衰减及整个融化层的衰减和散射损耗 ,结果表明 ,用涂水雪球模型计算的融化层的衰减稍大于用Mie理论计算的等效雨区的衰减 ;在频率较低时 ,融化层的散射损耗大于等效雨区的散射损耗 ,随着频率的升高 ,散射损耗的相对差值变小 .这与雷达观测和文献中结果均相符 ,说明了这种融化粒子模型是正确可行的 ,较雨滴或冰球模型更切合实际 .The water coated snow sphere model for melting particles has been given, and the scattering properties and albedo of melting particles calculated by use of the coated sphere method. It is shown that the albedo of melting particles may be more than the raindrops and snow spheres at 6 and 10?GHz . The specified attenuation, attenuation and scattering impariment of a melting layer have also been predicted at various rainfalls for 6, 10, 20, 30?GHz . The results calculated show that the attenuation due to the melting layer is more than the attenuation induced by the identical thickness rain. The scattering impariment due to a melting layer is also more than that by rain and snow at 6 and 10?GHz , and that at 20 and 30?GHz is slightly more than that by rain. These results are in agreement with the radar observations and descriptions in and literature, which demonstrates that the water coated snow sphere model for melting particles is appropriate and practicable. The study is significant for the low fade margin system in satellite communication.

关 键 词：融化层 融化粒子 电波 散射 衰减 涂水雪球模型 

分 类 号：TN011[电子电信—物理电子学]