生物炭材料的制备及其应用效果研究  

Preparation and Application Characterization of Biochars Derived from Wheat and Paddy

作　　者：徐力刚[1,2] 何跃[3,4] 祁琳琳 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所中国科学院流域地理学重点实验室,南京210008 [2]江西省科学院鄱阳湖研究中心,南昌330096 [3]环境保护部南京环境科学研究所,南京210042 [4]南京君源环保工程有限公司,南京210016

出　　处：《江西科学》2015年第6期873-879,共7页Jiangxi Science

基　　金：江苏省科技厅项目(BE2014739;BZ2014005);江苏省环保厅科研课题(2014039)联合资助

摘　　要：研究以小麦秸秆、水稻秸秆和油茶果壳为原料,采用水蒸气活化和磷酸再活化的工艺,制备出性能优良的生物炭样品,分析麦秆、稻秆和油茶果壳生物炭样品的性能以及制备条件对生物炭性能的影响。研究结果显示,试验制备得到的麦秆生物炭,其亚甲基蓝吸附值为225 mg/g,碘吸附值为838 mg/g,焦糖为120%,比表面积为1 279 m2/g,孔容为1.36 m3/g,中孔率为76.6%,而稻秆生物炭的炭亚甲基蓝吸附值为215 mg/g,碘吸附值为815 mg/g,焦糖>100%,比表面积为967 m2/g,孔容为1.23 cm3/g,中孔率为84.6%,2种原料制备的生物炭与市售生物炭的性能指标相近;油茶果壳生物炭对亚甲基兰和碘的最大吸附值分别为330 mg/g和1 326 mg/g。本研究制备的油茶果壳生物炭的主要质量指标均达到或超过了净水用活性炭国家标准。本研究表明,小麦秸秆、水稻秸秆和油茶果壳可以作为制备优质生物炭的原料。Biochar is a kind of carbonaceous solid material,which is produced from biomass during pyrolysis under limited or no oxygen condition. In order to explore the characteristics of the biochars,three types of biochars were prepared from wheat straw,paddy straw and nutshell of camellia oleifera respectively. For biochars made from wheat straws,the adsorption of methylene blue and iodine was225 mg / g and 838 mg / g,respectively. For biochars made from paddy straws,however,the adsorption of methylene blue and iodine was 215 mg / g and 815 mg / g,respectively. For biochars made from nutshell of camellia oleifera,the maximum adsorption value of methylene blue and iodine are 330 mg / g and 1 326 mg / g,respectively. Little difference between the two biochars was found,and the mainquality indicators of the biochar from nutshell of camellia oleifera meet or exceed the national standards of activated carbon in the aspect of water purification. The three materials could be concluded that both wheat and paddy straw can be used as the raw materials for preparation of biochars.

关 键 词：油茶果壳 生物炭 麦秆 稻秆 吸附性能 

分 类 号：X712[环境科学与工程—环境工程]