成都市PM_(2.5)中水溶性无机离子污染特征及来源  

Pollution Characteristics and Source of Water-Soluble Inorganic Ions in PM_(2.5) in Chengdu

作　　者：范忠雨 李友平[1] 周洪[1,2] 刘慧芳[1] 杨铮铮[1] 

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学环境科学与工程学院,四川南充637009 [2]四川凯乐检测技术有限公司,四川成都611730

出　　处：《西华师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第4期387-393,共7页Journal of China West Normal University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：化学合成与污染控制四川省重点实验室项目(CSPC2014-4-2);四川省科技厅项目(2015JY0094)

摘　　要：2009—2010年采集成都市城区131个PM_(2.5)样品,用离子色谱法对PM_(2.5)中9种水溶性无机离子(Na^+、NH_4^+、K^+、Mg^(2+)、Ca^(2+)、F^-、Cl^-、NO_3^-和SO_4^(2-))进行分析,探讨其污染特征及来源.分析结果显示:总水溶性无机离子年均质量浓度为(74±53)μg/m^3,占PM_(2.5)质量浓度的44.8%.9种离子的浓度大小顺序为SO_4^(2-)>NO_3^->NH_4^+>Cl^->K^+>Ca^(2+)>Na^+>F^->Mg^(2+).水溶性无机离子浓度季节特征明显,在冬季最高.成都市PM_(2.5)中NO_3^-、SO_4^(2-)和NH4+主要以NH_4HSO_4和NH_4NO_3形式存在;大气PM_(2.5)水溶性离子来源主要有化石燃料与生物质燃烧、土壤尘及工业排放.Daily PM2.5 samples were collected at urban area of Chengdu in four 1-month periods （with each in a different season） during 2009 -2010. The total concentration of major water-soluble inorganic ions （Na^＋, NH4^＋, K^＋, Mg^2＋, Ca^2＋, F^-, Cl^-, NO3^- and SO4^2-） in PM2.5 was （74±53） μg/m^3, accounting for 44.8% of the PM2.5 mass concentration. Season variation of water-soluble inorganic ions was similar to PM2.5 showing a concentration maximum in winter. The concentrations of these ions showed the order of SO4^2- 〉 NO3^- 〉 NH4^＋ 〉 Cl^- 〉 K^＋ 〉 Ca^2＋ 〉 Na^＋ 〉 F^- 〉 Mg^2＋. Correlation Analysis and Principal Component Analysis were utilized to identify the chemical characteristics and potential sources of PM2.5. The results showed that most of NO3^- , SO4^2- and NH4^＋ in Chengdu existed in the form of NH4HSO4 and NH4NO3. The main sources of PM2.5 included fossil fuels and biomass burning, soil dust, industrial emissions.

关 键 词：PM2.5 水溶性无机离子 源解析 成都市 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]