不同高度空气颗粒物日变化特征  

Diurnal Variations of Airborne Particulate Matters in Different Heights

作　　者：任小波[1] 饶良懿[1] 余新晓[2] 孙丰宾[2] 赵洋[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院 [2]北京林业大学水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2015年第12期171-177,共7页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项:森林对PM_(2.5)等颗粒物的调控功能与技术研究(20130430104);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(TD2011-03)

摘　　要：利用DUSTMATE粉尘检测仪对奥林匹克森林公园北园内不同冠层高度(2、7、14 m)的空气颗粒物质量浓度进行昼夜监测,研究空气颗粒物(TSP、PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、PM_(1.0))质量浓度日变化规律及垂直分布特征,同时,结合同步的气象数据,采用非参数分析法(Spearman秩相关系数)分析气象要素对空气颗粒物质量浓度的影响。结果表明:(1)4种粒径空气颗粒物质量浓度的变化趋势呈"三峰"型,不同粒径空气颗粒物的峰、谷出现时间稍有差异,随着冠层高度的增加,白天低谷和夜间高峰有所滞后;(2)2 m处4种粒径空气颗粒物质量浓度最大,随着冠层高度的增加,相同粒径空气颗粒物质量浓度逐渐减小;(3)4种粒径空气颗粒物质量浓度相互之间均呈正相关,相关性随着高度的增加而减小;(4)4种粒径空气颗粒物质量浓度与风速和温度呈负相关,相关性随着冠层高度的增加而减小。DUSTMATE fume and dust detector was used to detect the mass concentrations of airborne particles matter（PM）at different canopy heights of 2,7,14 m in the north park of the Olympic Forest Park day and night,in order to analyze the diurnal variation and vertical distribution characteristics of PM concentrations with 4 kinds of particulate diameters such as TSP,PM_（10）,PM_（2.5）,PM_（1.0）at different canopy heights. And combined with the meteorological data measured simultaneously,the influence of meteorological conditions on PM concentrations with 4 kinds of particulate diameters was investigated by using non-parameter statistical analysis such as Spearman correlation matrix. The results indicated that there were trends of PM concentrations with 4 kinds of particulate diameters,showing nearly ＂three peaks＂,peaks and vales time had a minor difference in different diameters;with the increase of the canopy height,vales in day and peaks at night appeared later. PM concentrations with 4 kinds of particulate diameters were the maximum at 2 m,with the increase of the canopy height,there all presented a significant reduction of PM concentrations with the same particulate diameters. PM concentrations with 4 kinds of particulate diameters presented a positive correlation,and the correlation got lower with the increase of the canopy height.PM concentrations with 4 kinds of particulate diameters were negatively correlated with wind speed as well as temperature,when the canopy height increased,the correlation got lower.

关 键 词：烃冠层高度 空气颗粒物 日变化 气象因子 奥林匹克森林公园 

分 类 号：X831[环境科学与工程—环境工程]