间作玉米对大豆鼓粒期产量与农艺性状及干物质积累的影响  

Effects of Corn and Soybean Interplanting on Yield,Agronomic Traits and Dry Matter Accumulation of Soybean During Seed Filling Period

作　　者：杨春杰 谭春燕 陈佳琴 刘作易[2] 龚丽娜 朱星陶 

机构地区：[1]贵州省油料研究所,贵州贵阳550006 [2]贵州省农业科学院,贵州贵阳550006

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2015年第11期38-42,共5页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"973"计划项目子课题"作物多样性群落结构对产量与品质的影响及其机理"(2011CB100402);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项"国家大豆产业技术体系贵阳综合试验站建设"(CARS-004-CES28);贵州省农业科学院基金项目"大豆耐阴性生理机理研究"[黔农科合(基金)2011016]

摘　　要：为给大豆品种耐阴性鉴定和耐阴品种选育提供理论依据,进行了不同行比间作对黔豆08014、黔豆7号和天隆1号大豆品种鼓粒期产量、农艺性状和干物质积累的影响试验。结果表明:玉米大豆行比为2∶4、2∶2和2∶1模式下,随遮阴胁迫加剧产量构成因素中单株有效荚数、单株粒数、单株豆荚鲜重和单株产量呈递减趋势,且各处理与对照间差异显著,但百粒鲜重变化不显著。主要农艺性状中有效分枝数、茎粗、单株叶片数和每片叶片厚度、单株叶片鲜重和单株鲜重呈下降趋势,其中,茎粗、每片叶片厚度、单株叶片鲜重和单株鲜重间作遮阴处理与净作间差异显著,有效分枝数和单株叶片数差异不显著;随间作遮阴程度增强,黔豆08014的株高先增加后降低,黔豆7号和天隆1号的株高呈递增趋势;遮阴降低了生物量和比叶重,从而降低大豆干物质的积累量且差异显著,库源比差异不显著。3个大豆品种中,黔豆08014的耐阴性较强。The effects of different row-ratio of corn and soybean interplanting on yield,agronomic traits and dry matter accumulation of three soybean varieties（Qiandou 08014,Qiandou 7and Tianlong 1）during seed filling period were studied to provide the theoretical basis for identification and breeding of soybean varieties with shading tolerance.Results：The effective pods/plant,grains/plant,fresh pod weight/plant and yield/plant of soybean varieties present a diminishing trend with increase of shading degree when the row-ratio of corn and soybean interplanting is 2∶4,2∶2and 2∶1and there are significant differences between different treatments and CK（soybean single cropping）.There is no significant difference in fresh 100-grain weight between different treatments and CK.The effective branches,stem diameter,leaves/plant,leaf thickness,fresh leaf weight/plant and fresh weight/plant of soybean varieties show a declining trend.There are significant differences in stem diameter,leaf thickness,fresh leaf weight/plant and fresh weight/plant and are no significant differences in effective braches and leaves/plant between different treatments and CK.The height of Qianduo 08014 shows a first rising and then declining trend and height of Qiandouo 7and Tianlong 1presents an increasing trend with increase of shading degree.The dry matter accumulation of soybean decreases because the shading reduces biomass and specific leaf weight but there is no significant difference in sink-source ratio.In conclusion,Qiandou08014 is the highest strong shading resistance in three tested soybean varieties.

关 键 词：大豆 间作 耐阴性 生物量 比叶重 玉米 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]