基于SRAP标记的白芨遗传多样性和遗传结构评价  

Evaluation of genetic diversity and population structure of Bletilla striata based on SRAP markers

作　　者：孙宇龙[1] 侯北伟[1,2] 耿丽霞[1] 牛志韬 严文津 薛庆云[1] 丁小余[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学生命科学学院,江苏南京210023 [2]南京野生植物综合利用研究院,江苏南京210042

出　　处：《药学学报》2016年第1期147-152,共6页Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica

基　　金：科技部"十二五"平台建设计划(211100B512J)

摘　　要：白芨是我国传统中药材,近年来,由于生态环境的破坏和人为的过度采挖,白芨野生资源急剧减少,濒临灭绝,因此对其野生资源的评价及保护已刻不容缓。本文通过SRAP分子标记探讨了12个白芨野生居群的遗传多样性和遗传结构。结果表明,白芨具有较高的遗传多样性水平,其中多态性条带有210条,平均多态位点百分比(PPB)为90.48%,平均信息香农指数(I)为0.509 6,平均基因杂合度为0.349 4。白芨居群间存在中等水平的遗传分化,遗传分化指数Gst为0.260 9。UPGMA聚类分析表明12个居群可分为三个支系,我国东部江苏南京、江苏镇江、安徽宣城和浙江杭州4个居群聚为一支,中部湖北、湖南、江西以及贵州7个居群聚为一大支,西部云南文山居群单独聚为一支。Mantel test检测表明,遗传距离和地理距离间有显著正相关性(r=0.632 9;P<0.000 1)。本文为白芨野生资源的就地保护和迁地保护提供了理论依据。Bletilla striata has been used as traditional Chinese medicine for several centuries. In recent years, the quality and quantity of wild B. striata plants have declined sharply due to habitat deterioration and human over-exploitation. Therefore, it is of great urgency to evaluate and protect B. striata wild plant resource. In this study, sequence-related amplified polymorphism（SRAP） markers were applied to assess the level and pattern of genetic diversity in twelve populations of B. striata. The results showed a high level of genetic diversity（PPB = 90.48%, H = 0.349 4, I = 0.509 6） and moderate genetic differentiation among populations（Gst = 0.260 9）. Based on the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic average（UPGMA）, twelve populations gathered in three clusters. The cluster 1 included four populations. There are Nanjing, Zhenjiang, Xuancheng and Hangzhou. The seven populations which come from Hubei Province, Hunan Province, Jiangxi Province and Guizhou Province belonged to the cluster 2. The cluster 3 only contained Wenshan population. Moreover, Mantel test revealed significant positive correlation between genetic distances and geographic distances（r = 0.632 9; P〈0.000 1）. According to the results, we proposed a series of conservation consideration for B. striata.

关 键 词：白芨 序列相关扩增多态性 遗传多样性 居群结构 保护 

分 类 号：R931[医药卫生—生药学]