消力池尾坎坡度对水跃及排砂效果影响的试验研究  

Experimental Study on Hydraulic Jumps and Desanding Efficiency of Stilling Basin with Different End Slope

作　　者：张春妮[1] 田忠[1] 王韦[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室,四川成都610050

出　　处：《水力发电》2016年第1期107-110,共4页Water Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51379138)

摘　　要：水电工程中常通过在消力池中形成水跃来消能,水跃的类型、发生的位置对于消能率和消力池长度等有重要影响。通过模型试验研究了4种不同消力池尾坎坡度(i=∞、1∶2、1∶4、1∶10)下的跃首位置、水深和流速,分析了消力池尾坎的坡度对水跃位置以及消能率的影响,并对4个体型的排砂效果进行了观察比较。试验结果表明:消力池尾坎坡度越大,水跃位置越趋向上游,消力池所需长度越短,消能率越大,但排砂效果越差;在尾坎坡度为i=1∶2时,能较好的兼顾消能效率和排砂效果。The hydraulic jump in stilling basin is used to dissipate energy in hydraulic engineering. The kind and location of hydraulic jump has very important impact in the effect of energy dissipation and the determination of stilling basin length. The hydraulic jump location, water depth and velocity at four different end slopes （ i = ∞ , 1 ： 2, 1 ： 4, 1 ： 10） of stilling basin are studied by model tests. The impacts of end slope on hydraulic jump location and energy dissipation ratio are analyzed, and the desanding efficieneies of four end slopes are also compared. The results show that： （a） when the end slope becomes lager, the location of hydraulic jump tends to move upstream, a shorter length of stilling basin need to be required, a better energy dissipation ratio can be obtained, but the desanding efficiency is worse; （b） When the end slope i equals to 1：2, the energy dissipation ratio is higher and the desanding efficiency is also better.

关 键 词：消力池 尾坎坡度 水跃位置 消能效率 排砂效果 

分 类 号：TV653.1[水利工程—水利水电工程]