100例输血不良反应的相关因素及对策分析  

Analysis on related factors in 100 cases of blood transfusion adverse reactions and corresponding countermeasure

作　　者：孙小纯[1] 欧兴义[1] 林伟强[1] 陈亚军[1] 廖美英[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省珠海市人民医院输血科,519000

出　　处：《检验医学与临床》2016年第1期66-67,共2页Laboratory Medicine and Clinic

摘　　要：目的探讨临床输血不良反应的相关影响因素,并分析其临床特点和预防控制措施。方法选择100例输血不良反应患者作为观察组,选择同期进行输血治疗且未发生输血不良反应的患者110例为对照组。观察输血不良反应的分布及相关影响因素。结果输血不良反应主要为非溶血性发热反应占46.00%(46/100),过敏反应占54.00%(54/100),溶血性输血反应及其他不良反应未发生;两组在输血类型比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组中输血次数大于或等于3次及发血至开始输血时间间隔大于或等于0.5h,输血不良反应发生率分别为88.00%(88/100)和51.00%(51/100),均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论临床输血存在一定风险,输血类型、输血次数和发血至开始输血时间等是患者输血不良反应的主要影响因素;合理选择血液成分,严格掌握输血适应证,加强各个输血环节的质量控制,严格临床输血操作,以降低患者不良反应的发生,提高患者输血安全性。Objective To explore the related influence factors of the adverse reactions in clinical blood transfusion,and to analyze their clinical characteristics and prevention and control measures. Methods 100 patients with blood transfusion adverse reactions were selected as the observation group. Contemporaneous 110 patients with no blood transfusion adverse reactions were selected as the control group. The distribution of blood transfusion adverse reactions was observed and the related influencing factors were analyzed. Results The blood transfusion adverse reactions were mainly non hemolytic fever reaction（46.00% ,46/100） and allergic reaction（54.00% ,54/100）. No he molytic blood transfusion reaction and other adverse reactions occurred. The blood transfusion types had statistical difference between the two groups（P〈0.05）. The blood transfusion adverse reactions in the observation group when the blood transfusion times ≥3 and the time of delivering blood to starting blood transfusion≥0.5 h were 88.00% （88/100） and 51.00 % （51/100） respectively, which were higher than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Certain risk exists in clinical blood transfusion. Blood transfusion type, blood transfusion times and time interval of delivering blood to start to blood transfusion, etc. are the main influ encing factors of blood transfusion adverse reactions; rationally selecting blood constituents, strictly grasping the blood transfusion indicators, strengthening the quality control of various links and strictly conducting blood transfu sion operating in clinic can decrease the occurrence of adverse reactions and increase the safety of blood transfusion.

关 键 词：输血 不良反应 预防控制策略 

分 类 号：R457.1[医药卫生—治疗学]