典型村镇生活垃圾动态淋滤过程中污染物的释放特征研究  

Study on the release of pollutants in dynamic leaching from the typical domestic solid waste in rural areas

作　　者：苑广耀 张志彬[1] 岳波[1] 赵丹[2] 徐升[1] 黄启飞[1] 王琪[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [2]苏州科技学院环境科学与工程学院,苏州215009

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2016年第1期217-222,共6页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划课题(No.2014BAL02B01)~~

摘　　要：选取我国东、中、西部3个地区6个典型村镇的生活垃圾,设计了两种淋滤强度:低强度(10 mm·d^(-1))和高强度(20 mm·d^(-1)),采用室内降雨模拟实验,研究了生活垃圾污染物如CODCr、BOD5、TN和NH3-N等的动态淋滤释放特征.结果显示,两种淋滤强度下,3个地区淋滤液pH值整体随时间的增加呈现小幅的上升,变化范围分别在6.5~8.0(10 mm·d^(-1))和5.5~8.0(20 mm·d^(-1))之间;CODCr呈现显著下降(1~2周)、缓慢下降(2~7周)和相对平稳(7~10周)3个阶段.淋滤液BOD5在前6周降低明显,在第7和第8周基本达到了溶出的平衡点.淋滤液TN分别在第8周(10 mm·d^(-1))和第7周(20 mm·d^(-1))基本达到了溶出平衡,NH3-N分别在第8周(10 mm·d^(-1))和第6周(20 mm·d^(-1))基本达到了溶出平衡.整个淋溶周期内(10周),淋滤液CODCr、BOD5、TN和NH3-N浓度变化规律整体呈现:高强度(20 mm·d^(-1))淋滤条件下浓度降低率高于低强度(10 mm·d^(-1)).In order to study the pollutant release characteristics of domestic solid waste in rural areas, such as： CODCr、BOD5、TN and NH3-N, domesticsolid waste from six typical villages and towns in the east, midland and west region of China were collected, respectively, and were conducted by asimulating rainfall experiment including low（10 mm·d^（-1）） and high elution strength（20 mm·d^（-1））. The results show that the pH of leachate in twoelution strength is increasing over time in the following two narrow ranges, between 6.5 and 8.0（10 mm·d^（-1）） and between 5.5 and 8.0（20 mm·d^（-1））.The variations of CODCrconcentration could be divided to three stages： rapid decrease（1~2 week）, slow decrease（2~7 week） and being stable（7~10week）. Furthermore, BOD5 reduced remarkably before six weeks and reached equilibrium at the seventh or eighth week. The TN in the leachate reachedequilibrium at the eighth（10 mm·d^（-1）） and the seventh（20 mm·d^（-1）） week respectively while the NH3-N reached equilibrium at the eighth（ 10mm·d^（-1）） and sixth（20 mm·d^（-1）） week. In all, the reduction rate of CODCr、BOD5、TN and NH3-N concentrations under 20 mm·d^（-1）elution strength washigher than those under 10 mm·d^（-1）during the whole elution periods.

关 键 词：村镇生活垃圾 污染物 动态淋滤 释放特征 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]