Heterogeneity in supraglacial debris thickness and its role in glacier mass changes of the Mount Gongga  

作　　者：ZHANG Yong HIRABAYASHI Yukiko FUJITA Koji LIU Shi Yin LIU Qiao 

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences [2]Institute of Engineering Innovation, The University of Tokyo [3]Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University [4]Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences

出　　处：《Science China Earth Sciences》2016年第1期170-184,共15页中国科学（地球科学英文版）

基　　金：the National Science and Technology Support Program of China (Grant No. 2012BAC19B07);the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41190084);the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (MOST) (Grant No. 2013FY111400);CREST Project of Japan Science and Technology Agency

摘　　要：In the Tibetan Plateau, many glaciers have extensive covers of supraglacial debris in their ablation zones, which affects glacier response to climate change by altering ice melting and spatial patterns of mass loss. Insufficient debris thickness data make it difficult to analyze regional debris-cover effects. Maritime glaciers of the Mount Gongga have been characterized by a substantial reduction in glacier area and ice mass in recent decades. The thermal property of the debris layer estimated from remotely sensed data reveals that debris-covered glaciers are dominant in this region, on which the proportion of debris cover to total glacier area varies from 1.74% to 53.0%. Using a physically-based debris-cover effect assessment model, we found that although the presence of supraglacial debris has a significant insulating effect on heavily debris-covered glaciers, il accelerates ice melting on -10.2% of total ablation zone and produces rapid wastage of -25% of the debris-covered glaciers, leading to the similar mass losses between the debris-covered and debris-free glaciers. Widespread debris cover also facilitates the development of active terminus regions. Regional differences in debris-cover effects are apparent, highlighting the im- portance of debris cover for understanding glacier mass changes in the Tibetan Plateau and other mountain ranges around the world.在西藏的高原，许多冰河在他们的脱离地区有 supraglacial 碎片的广泛的封面，它由改变冰融化和集体损失的空间模式影响冰河反应到气候变化。不够的碎片厚度数据使分析地区性的碎片封面效果困难。山 Gongga 的海上的冰河被实质的减小在最近的十年在冰河区域和冰质量描绘了。从遥远地察觉到的数据估计的碎片层的热性质表明盖住碎片的冰河在这个区域，到全部的冰河区域的碎片盖子的比例从 1.74% ～ 53.0% 在上变化是主导的。用一个身体上基于的碎片封面效果评价模型，我们发现尽管 supraglacial 碎片的存在在重重地盖住碎片的冰河上有重要绝缘效果，融化在~上加速冰10.2%全部的脱离地区并且生产~的快速的消耗量25%盖住碎片的冰河，导致在盖住碎片、没有碎片的冰河之间的类似的集体损失。普遍碎片盖子也便于活跃终点区域的发展。在碎片封面效果的地区性的差别是明显的，强调为冰河质量在全世界在西藏的高原和另外的山脉改变的理解的碎片盖子的重要性。

关 键 词：Debris-cover effect Ice melting Maritime glacier Glacier status Mount Gongga 

分 类 号：P343.6[天文地球—水文科学]