经鼻蝶入路切除垂体瘤患者术后并发尿崩症的护理  

Nursing of Patients Underwent Transsphenoidal Pituitary Tumor Surgery Complicated by Postoperative Diabetes Insipidus

作　　者：杜春晖[1] 张娟[1] 于艳红[1] 张晶晶[1] 张月[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院第一附属医院神经外科,北京100048

出　　处：《解放军护理杂志》2015年第22期42-43,共2页Nursing Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army

摘　　要：目的探讨经鼻蝶入路切除垂体瘤患者术后并发尿崩症的护理方法,以期为实施预见性护理提供临床依据。方法回顾性分析2012年1月至2013年12月在解放军总医院第一附属医院神经外科实施经鼻蝶入路垂体瘤手术患者115例的临床资料,总结术后并发尿崩症的患者的护理方法。结果经鼻蝶入路切除垂体瘤患者术后并发尿崩症的发生率为22.6%,其中伴有电解质紊乱8例,包括低钾3例（钾最低值为2.5mmol/L）、低钠3例（钠最低值为122mmol/L）、高钠2例（钠最高值为173mmol/L）。经对症治疗后,尿崩症症状持续时间为3-7d,无一例发生永久性尿崩症。结论对于大腺瘤和巨大腺瘤的患者,术前应做好尿崩症的健康宣教,以取得患者的理解和配合,减轻术后的心理压力。尿崩症引起的电解质紊乱是手术后的护理要点。Objective To discuss the nursing method of patients underwent transsphenoidal pituitary tumor surgery complicated by postoperative diabetes insipidus,and to provide clinical evidence for predictive nursing care.Methods Clinical data of 115 cases with transsphenoidal pituitary tumor resection were analyzed respectively,the nursing method of postoperative diabetes insipidus was concluded.Results The incidence rate of postoperative diabetes insipidus was 22.6%,with 8 cases of electrolyte disturbance,3 cases of lowpotassium（minimum index 2.5mmol/L）,3 cases of low sodium（minimum index 122mmol/L）,and 2 cases of high sodium（maximum index 173mmol/L）.After treatment,the duration of the diabetes insipidus was 3-7d,with no incidence of permanent diabetes insipidus.Conclusion For those patients with big adenoma or giant adenoma,the health education regards to diabetes insipidus is required before surgery,thus to improve patient＇s understanding and cooperation,and also reduce the postoperative psychological burden.The key nursing point after surgery is the electrolyte disturbance induced by diabetes insipidus.

关 键 词：垂体瘤 尿崩症 相关因素 护理 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]