加藤弘之与梁启超社会进化论的比较及启示  

The Comparison and Enlightenment on the Social Evolutionism of Kato Hiroyuki and Liang Qichao

作　　者：王长汶[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学日本研究院,天津300071 [2]聊城大学外国语学院,山东聊城252000 [3]日本爱知大学中国研究科

出　　处：《日本问题研究》2015年第6期50-56,共7页Japanese Research

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(12JJD770024);山东省社科规划项目(14CDSJ08)

摘　　要：社会进化论运用简单的原理通俗地解释人类社会的进化,在19世纪后期到20世纪前期曾经盛行一时。但是,原理的单纯也包含着被发挥甚至曲解的潜在可能性,社会进化论的接受和传播容易受到国际环境、国内政治状况以及传统思想等的左右而呈现出纷繁复杂的面貌,也有可能基于接受该理论的思想家的政治立场,和各种理论结合以各种形式被援用。社会进化论是当时流行的哲学、政治、社会学说,日本的加藤弘之和中国的梁启超在后期的思想中都深受社会进化论的影响,并且在各自国家的语境中对社会进化论的阐释和改造对思想界和社会舆论产生了很大反响,通过比较和考察梁启超与加藤弘之对社会进化论的摄取状况,可以从一个侧面反映欧洲政治思想在日本和中国传承与创新的实际情形。Social evolutionism used simple principles to interpret popularly the social evolution. It prevailed from late 19 th century to early 20 th century. However, the simple principles also contained potential probabilities of being developed or even distorted. The acceptance and spread of social evolutionism could be easily influenced and led to a complicated situation by international environment, domestic political situation and traditional ideology, and could also be quoted in various ways by combing with diversified theories on the basis of political stand of those thinkers who accepted this theory. Social evolutionism was the prevailing philosophy, politics and social theory at that era. Kato Hiroyuki of Japan and Liang Qichao of China had been deeply influenced by the social evolution in their thoughts of late stage, and the interpretation and transformation for social evolutionism in their respective countries had made an enormous impact on the realm of thoughts and public opinions. By comparing and studying Liang Qichao＇s and Kato Hiroyuki＇s accepting social evolutionism, it was possible to reflect the actual situation of the acceptance and creation of European political ideas in Japan and China on one side.

关 键 词：社会进化论 梁启超 加藤弘之 传承 创新 

分 类 号：C91-09[经济管理]