牙轮钻头弹性球面浮动套轴承的设计与优化  

Design and optimization of elastic spherical floating-ring journal bearing of roller bit

作　　者：何畏[1] 肖祥[1] 陈波[1] 孙春梅[1] 陈洋[1] 贺军超[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学机电工程学院,四川成都610500

出　　处：《工程设计学报》2015年第6期607-612,共6页Chinese Journal of Engineering Design

基　　金：四川省科技支撑计划项目(2014GZ0153)

摘　　要：针对现有牙轮钻头浮动套轴承存在的偏转问题和严重应力"边缘效应",设计了一种新型的弹性球面浮动套轴承.通过有限元方法对球面和平面浮动套的力学性能进行对比分析,并研究了矩形、椭圆形、圆形、三角形四种槽的中间修形对球面浮动套内外接触线上等效应力影响,优化了槽的尺寸.结果表明:球面浮动套的力学性能优于平面浮动套,但2种浮动套都存在严重的应力"边缘效应";通过中间修形有效改善了浮动套应力"边缘效应",其中圆形槽的效果最好且便于加工;当圆形槽半径R=0.6mm、圆心到内外表面的距离比a/b=19/21时,内外接触线上的最大等效应力之差减小到8.91 MPa,较优化前降低33.3%,减缓轴承局部过早发生疲劳失效.Aiming at the problem of deflection and the serious stress＂edge effect＂of rock bit floating-ring journal bearings,a new type of elastic spherical floating-ring journal bearings was designed.Through the finite element method,the spherical and plane rock bit floating-ring journal bearings mechanical properties were comparatively analyzed.The effect of intermediate modification on four groove shape of rectangular,oval,round and triangle to the spherical floating-ring bearings inside and outside contact stress was studied,and then the slot size was optimized.The results showed that：the mechanical properties of spherical floating-ring journal bearings were better than the plane floating-ring journal bearings,but there were serious stress＂edge effect＂of the two kinds of floating-ring journal bearings;the intermediate modification method could effectively improve the stress＂edge effect＂of floating-ring journal bearings.The circular groove was the most effective shape and it was easy to be manufactured.When the radius of circular groove R=0.6mm,the radio of distance from center of the circle to the inside and outside of surface was a/b=19/21,the maximum equivalent stress value difference between inner and outer contact line was reduced to 8.91 MPa,33.3%lower than before.The new design prevents the floating-ring journal bearing occurring fatigue failure too early.

关 键 词：牙轮钻头 球面浮动套 开口槽 边缘效应 修形 

分 类 号：TH133.31[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]