句法结构形成中的语用因素:以现代汉语名词谓语句为例  

A Study of the Role of Pragmatics in the Evolution of Syntax with Reference to Nominal Clauses in Mandarin Chinese

作　　者：高航[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军外国语学院英语系,河南洛阳471003

出　　处：《浙江外国语学院学报》2015年第5期1-8,共8页Journal of Zhejiang International Studies University

摘　　要：语法结构一方面是语用模式约定俗成的结果,另一方面对受话人的推理范围施加限制,帮助受话人识别说话人的交际意图。遵循这一思想考察发现,现代汉语的名词谓语句是一个独立存在的构式,不是省略句。该构式的作用是从一个特定方面对主语名词所指实体进行范畴化,使受话人关于该实体的认知状态发生变化。任何名词都有充当谓语名词的潜力,但在使用频率上存在差别。这一观点能够得到跨语言证据的支持。Grammatical structures are the result of conventionalization of patterns of language use,but they also constrain interpretation,facilitating the addressee＇s identification of the speaker＇s communicative intention. Based on this insight,we argue that nominal clauses in Mandarin Chinese are not elliptical structures but belong to a family of constructions that have their own rationale. The function of a nominal clause lies in assignment,namely,providing a description of an entity from a particular angle in order to change the addressee＇s cognitive status. Assignment is a case of categorization. Any noun has the potential of functioning as a predicate,including common physical nouns,but nouns may differ from one another in the frequency of occurrence in nominal sentences. And this view is supported by data from a variety of languages.

关 键 词：名词 名词谓语句 基于使用的模型 关联理论 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]