有机种植对红壤性稻田土壤理化性质及水稻生理特性的影响  

Effects of Organic Cultivation Pattern on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and Rice Physiological Characteristics in Paddy Field Derived from Red Soil

作　　者：丁园[1] 刘丽华[1] 熊晓晖 史蓉蓉[1] 

机构地区：[1]南昌航空大学环境与化学工程学院,江西南昌330063 [2]江西省农产品质量安全中心,江西南昌330046

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2015年第12期52-55,共4页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江西省教育厅课题"有机种植条件下土壤固碳增汇的机理研究"(GJJ13509)

摘　　要：为探索配施生物肥的有机种植方式对红壤性水稻土生态环境的影响,促进红壤性稻田水稻高产高品质发展,采用配施生物肥的有机种植方式,在水稻分蘖期、孕穗期、抽穗期、灌浆期和完熟期5个生育阶段,对比分析有机种植与常规种植方式下土壤基本理化性质、水稻植株生理特性及稻米重金属含量等指标变化。结果表明,有机种植方式有利于有机质在红壤性水稻土的积累,完熟期水稻土的有机质含量较分蘖期显著提高,由19.62g/kg上升至21.74g/kg;水稻土的速效磷和碱解氮等养分释放缓慢,与常规种植相比较降幅较小。有机种植水稻的叶绿素含量、根系活力和POD酶活指标在5个生育阶段均呈先升后降的变化趋势,且与常规种植的差异不显著;有机种植方式下稻米的Cu、Zn和Pb含量均较低,符合绿色食品标准(NY/T419-2000),而常规种植方式稻米的Pb含量超标。The soil physicochemical properties,rice physiological characteristics and heavy metal content in rice were analyzed at tillering stage,booting stage,heading stage,filling stage and full ripe stage of rice under convention cultivation and organic cultivation patterns to discuss the effect of the organic cultivation pattern with applying biological fertilizer on ecological environment of rice paddy field derived from red soil and improve high yield and quality of rice planted in rice paddy field derived from red soil.Results：The organic cultivation pattern is beneficial to organic matter accumulation in rice paddy field derived from red soil and the organic matter content of paddy soil rises to 21.74g/kg at full ripe stage from 19.62g/kg at tillering stage.The reduction range of available P and available N in paddy soil under the organic cultivation pattern is less than under the conventional cultivation pattern because the release of available P and available N in paddy soil under the organic cultivation pattern is slow.The leaf chlorophyll content,root activity and leaf POD activity of rice under the organic cultivation pattern all present the first rising and then declining trend and are no obvious differences with those under the conventional cultivation pattern.The lower Cu,Zn and Pb content in rice under the organic cultivation pattern can meets the standard of green food（NY/T419-2000）but The Pb content in rice under the conventional cultivation pattern exceeds the standard of green food.

关 键 词：红壤水稻土 生育周期 土壤肥力 有机种植 

分 类 号：S157.433[农业科学—土壤学]