长期施肥对土壤及玉米籽粒中Cd和As累积的影响  

Effects of Long-term Fertilization on Cd and As Accumulation in Soils and Maize Grain

作　　者：管建慧[1] 雒亚洲[1] 

机构地区：[1]包头轻工职业技术学院乳品与农牧技术学院,内蒙古包头014035

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2015年第12期95-99,共5页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：为科学施肥、合理开发利用耕地提供理论依据,对23年施用氮磷化肥以及有机肥的试验田0~40cm土层土壤以及玉米籽粒进行Cd和As测定,研究长期施用不同肥料土壤Cd和As的盈亏状况、年际变化特征以及对农作物玉米籽粒Cd、As的影响。结果表明：不同施肥处理对土壤中Cd、As的累积没有明显规律,而长期大量施用有机肥是造成耕层土壤中Cd、As富集的主要原因之一;长期施用重金属含量较高的磷肥及大量的有机肥会促进玉米籽粒中Cd、As的富集。因此,要科学施用磷酸和有机肥,且有必要制定有机肥中重金属的安全限量标准,以降低施肥可能导致潜在重金属Cd、As的污染风险。To provide theoretical references for scientific fertilization and rational exploitation and utilization of arable land,The authors analyzed surplus-deficit status of Cd and As,interannual variation charateristics after long-term fertilization and the effects on contents of Cd and As in crop kernels,through analysis and monitor the heavy metal Cd,As content of 0~40cm soil and corn grain Cd,As content in 23years＇ different long-term fertilization fields（nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers,organic manure）.The results showed that it had no obvious regulation about different fertilizer treatments on the accumulation of Cd and As in soil.Long-term and large amount application of organic manure contributed more to Cd and As accumulation in arable soil;Long-term applying phosphatic fertilizer with high content of heavy metals promoted Cd and As accumulation in maize kernels.Therefore,it was essential to apply phosphatic fertilizer and organic manure scientifically and formulate the safety limit standard of heavy metal in organic manure,so as to decrease the pollution risk of Cd and As.

关 键 词：长期施肥 重金属 CD AS 土壤 玉米籽粒 

分 类 号：S19[农业科学—农业基础科学]