中国825个基准、基本站地面气压系统误差的检验与订正  

Homogenization of Monthly Pressure Data at 825 Chinese Stations

作　　者：远芳[1] 曹丽娟[1] 唐国利[1] Xiaolan L.Wang 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局国家气象信息中心,北京100081 [2]Climate Research Division,Science and Technology Branch,Environment Canada

出　　处：《气候变化研究进展》2015年第5期331-336,共6页Climate Change Research

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAC22B04);公益性行业(气象)科研专项;中国近60年地面关键气候要素均一性检验与订正技术及站址变动影响研究(GYHY201206013);国家气象信息中心青年科技基金课题"气压日值数据非均一性检验与订正研究"(NMICQJ201307)

摘　　要：使用RHtest均一化方法结合元数据信息对中国825个基准、基本站的地面气压月值数据进行均一性检验与订正,结果发现有400个站的气压数据均一,425个站存在系统误差。对于后者,使用静力模式订正可消除255个站的系统误差,另外170个站采用均值订正,均值订正的断点共245个。对气候趋势和个例的分析表明,上述方法对气压数据均一化订正效果明显。均一化之后站点气压长期趋势的空间一致性更好,中国东南沿海和西北部的新疆地区气压表现出下降趋势,中部地区主要表现出上升趋势。A data homogenization procedure was applied to adjust systematic errors in monthly station pressure data series of 825 stations in China for the period 1951-2014.Penalized maximum F-test was applied to examine the homogeneity of the data series and metadata was used to confirm the break points.Results showed that 400 of the 825 sites were confirmed to be homogenous while the other 425 were not.For the latter,firstly,the hydrostatic model was applied to adjust the errors caused by the use of incorrect station elevation values.Then statistical approaches（mean adjustment） were applied when a physical-based correction was in vain due to lack of correct metadata.As a result,pressure data for 255 of the 425 inhomogeneous sites were homogenized by the hydrostatic model,and for additional 170 sites were homogenized with the mean adjustment method.By comparing the trend of the raw and homogenized data,it was found that after homogenization the pattern exhibits a better spacial consistency,and the east coast and the northwest parts of China show a decrease trend while the middle part an increase one.

关 键 词：均一性 气压 中国825站 RHtest 

分 类 号：P412.12[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]