山区牧民对极端气候事件的感知与适应——基于祁连山区少数民族乡的调查  

Perceptions and Adaptation of Herdsmen in Typical Mountain Minority Areas to Climate Change——a Case Study of 3 Minority Townships in Qilian Mountains

作　　者：朱国锋[1,2] 秦大河[2] 任贾文[2] 郑丽敏[1] 刘原峰 梁峰[1] 杨玲[1] 李佳芳[1] 胡鹏飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,兰州730000 [2]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室,兰州730000

出　　处：《气候变化研究进展》2015年第5期371-378,共8页Climate Change Research

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金(2015M570864);中国科学院冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室开放基金(SKLCS-OP-2014-11);西北师范大学青年教师科研能力提升计划项目(NWNU-LKQN-13-10);国家自然科学基金(41361106;41271133);国家重大科学研究计划项目(2013CBA01808)

摘　　要：为明确山区牧民对气候变化趋势和极端气候事件的感知与适应现状,对青海省祁连县野牛沟乡、甘肃省肃南县大河乡、天祝县祁连乡的418户牧民家庭进行入户走访和问卷调查。结果表明:牧民对当地近20年气温升高感知度较高,对降水量变化的感知程度较低,对近期牧业影响较大的极端气候事件感知度较高。牧民针对感受到的不同的极端气候事件采取了有差别的应对措施。储备草料、修建圈舍和暖棚、处理牲畜和外出打工是主要的适应措施。牧业服务、贷款支持和更完善的社会保障体系对提高牧民适应气候变化能力有积极的作用。The 418 herdsmen families were visited using semi-structured interviews methods in Yeniugou township of Qinghai Province,Dahe and Qilian townships in Gansu Province.The herdmen＇ perceptions of and adaptation to climate change and extreme weather events were analyzed.Research results show that herdsmen perceptions in temperature were close to the fact but in precipitation contrary to the fact.In the perception of extreme weather events,herdsmen have a deep memory to the weather events which influence livestock production.The herdsmen have also taken different measures to deal with different climate events.Hoarding forage,building livestock housing and greenhouses,decreasing livestock,and migrant workers are the main adaptation measures.Meteorological service,loan support,and more perfect social security system will improve the ability of herdsmen adaptation to climate change.

关 键 词：山区牧民 气候变化 气候灾害 感知与适应 

分 类 号：S811.1[农业科学—畜牧学]