一株虫生真菌的分离、鉴定及其对筛胸梳爪叩甲幼虫致病力测定  

Isolation and Identification of an Entomopathogenic Fungal Strain and Its Virulence to Larvae of Melanotus cribricollis

作　　者：张亚波[1] 叶碧欢 吴小双[1] 王浩杰[1] 舒金平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林科院亚热带林业研究所,富阳311400

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2015年第6期868-875,共8页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：公益性行业(林业)科研专项(201304403);国家"十二五"农村领域国家科技计划(2012BAD19B0803)

摘　　要：绿僵菌Metarhizium spp.是虫生真菌的主要类群之一,是当前世界上研究和应用最广的虫生真菌之一。由于绿僵菌能在自然土壤环境下长期存活,对地下害虫的控制具有明显优势。本研究从蛴螬僵虫上分离出一株寄生真菌,结合形态学和EF-1α基因5′端序列分析结果鉴定为黄绿绿僵菌Metarhizium flavoviride var.pemphigi。菌株培养的试验表明,乳糖有利于该菌株的菌丝生长,葡萄糖有利于该菌株产孢,KNO3为该菌株最适宜的氮源,在乳糖和KNO3为碳氮源时,C/N比为34:1有利于菌丝生长及产孢,添入微量元素Mn能促进产孢。在灭菌土中含5×106孢子/g时该菌株的对筛胸梳爪叩甲幼虫的校正累积死亡率为57.14%,幼虫逃逸率为4.76%。Metarhizium spp. is an important entomopathogenic fungi, which have been using world widely to control agricultural insect pests. A strain of entomopathogenic fungi isolated from an infected larva of Popillia sp. was identified as M. flavoviride var. pemphigi by both morphological and DNA sequencing of 5′ end of EF-1α of the isolate. The results of optimization of culture condition showed that lactose benefited the growth of mycelium, while as glucose was conducive to the conidia production. Its optimum nitrogen source was KNO3. Based on a combination of lactose and KNO3 used as carbon and nitrogen sources, a C/N ratio at 34：1 was the most optimal for mycelium growth and conidia production. Mn as an additive promoted conidia production. A bioassay of M. flavoviride var. pemphigi against Melanotus cribricollis larvae（120-150 mg per capita） was conducted in small cups filled with 50 g soil containing 5×10^6 conidia per gram of soil. A corrected mortality of M. cribricollis reached 57.14% during a 30-day period under controlled conditions, with a larval escape ratio of 4.76%.

关 键 词：绿僵菌 基因EF-1α 金针虫 生物防治 

分 类 号：S476.12[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]