小浪底水利枢纽防泥沙淤堵试验研究  

Experimental Research on Anti-clogging Silt in the Xiaolangdi Reservoir

作　　者：王二平[1] 张欣[1] 孙东坡[1] 郭选英[1] 

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电大学水利学院,河南郑州450045

出　　处：《华北水利水电大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第6期6-9,46,共5页Journal of North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51579103)

摘　　要：小浪底水利枢纽泥沙的防治关系到工程的安全运行.在枢纽后期运用过程中,确定进水塔前允许淤沙高程值,并制定防止塔前泥沙淤堵的泄流排沙方案是非常紧迫的事情.利用正态浑水动床模型试验对允许淤沙高程187 m进行复核.在此试验成果的基础上,将典型年洪水过程概化为5种工况进行泄流孔洞运行调度方案试验,发现各孔洞排沙效率与孔洞组合运用方式、闸门开启时间、孔洞附近地形、泄流量大小等诸多因素相关联.提出了泄流孔洞运行调度推荐方案:当出库流量小于发电洞泄量时,优先启用发电洞泄流;当出库流量超过发电洞泄量时,超出部分按照通过排沙洞、明流洞、孔板洞的顺序泄流,同时排沙洞以3号、2号、1号的开启顺序拉沙效果为佳.The success or failure of preventing sediment siltation in the Xiaolangdi reservoir is related to the safe operation of the project. In the later process,it is quite urgent to determine the allowed silt elevation values before the intake tower and furthermore develop the sediment discharge programs to prevent the silt clogging before the tower. In this paper,through normal muddy-water mobile-bed model test,firstly the allowed silt elevation of 187 m is reviewed,and then on the basis of the experimental conclusion,the flood process of the typical year is generalized into 5 kinds of working conditions to conduct an operation dispatch scheme test of the discharge hole. Furthermore,the relationships between the sediment flushing efficiency of each hole and many factors of the hole combination use ways,the gate turn-on time,the terrain near the hole,the vent size of the flow and etc.,are obtained,and then,a recommended operation dispatch scheme of the discharge hole is proposed： when the storage outflow is less than the discharge flow of power tunnel,the latter starts preferentially; otherwise,the excess part is discharged in the order of desilting tunnel,flow tunnel,orifice hole,moreover,the desilting tunnel is opened in the order of 3#,2#and 1#. At last,the test verifies its legitimacy.

关 键 词：小浪底 泥沙淤堵 模型试验 排沙效率 泄流 排沙 

分 类 号：TV731[水利工程—水利水电工程]