军医大学新入校研究生心理弹性特点及其影响因素研究  

Study on psychological resilience and its influencing factors of postgradu-ates who just entered the military medical university

作　　者：于永菊[1] 彭李[1] 刘波涛[1] 边晨[1] 徐媛媛[1] 谢钧润[1] 李敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]第三军医大学心理学院军事心理学教研室,重庆400038

出　　处：《中华医学教育探索杂志》2015年第12期1238-1242,共5页Chinese Journal of Medical Education Research

基　　金：全军学位与研究生教育研究课题（YJZX14D08）;全军医学科技青年培育项目（14QNP088）;全军医学科研“十二五”计划面上项目（CWS11J049）;军队心理卫生科研课题（12XLZ212）

摘　　要：目的了解军医大学研究生心理弹性特点及其关键影响因素。方法采用积极消极情绪量表、正负性认知偏向量表和心理弹性量表，对某军校新人学817名研究生、597名本科生进行了对比调查研究，使用SPSS18．0对问卷数据进行独立样本t检验、单因素方差分析、相关分析和逐步回归分析。结果①研究生心理弹性水平远低于本科生（76．01±11．43vs．80．00±10．26，t=-6．76，P〈0.01）：军校生心理弹性水平远高于地方生（77．18±11．59vs．74．97±11．19，t=2．77，P〈0．05）；女性研究生心理弹性水平低于男性（74．79±10．83vs．76．94±11．78，t=2．68，P〈0.05），具体体现在坚韧性和力量两个因子的得分较低。②心理弹性总分及各因子与积极情绪、正性认知偏向呈显著正相关（r=0.448～0．625，P〈0.01），而与消极情绪、负性认知偏向呈显著负相关（r=-0．206～-0．448，P〈0.01）；③积极消极情绪、正负性认知偏向均能较好地预测心理弹性，解释率达53．7％。④积极情绪、消极情绪部分中介了正性认知偏向、负性认知偏向和心理弹性问的关系。结论正性认知偏向、积极情绪是军医大学研究生心理弹性的关键保护性因素，为进一步开展心理弹性促进训练提供了新的方法和思路。Objective To study military medical graduates＇ psychological elastic characteristics and the key influencing factors. Methods A comparative study of 817 graduate students and 597 undergraduate students in a military academy was conducted by using positive negative emotions, positive and negative cognitive bias and Mental Resilience Scale. Independent sample t-test, single factor analysis of variance, correlation analysis, and step-wise regression analysis were conducted by SPSS 18.0 for data analysis. Results ① Resilience scores of postgraduate students were significantly lower than those of undergraduate students （76.01 ±11.43 vs. 80.00 ±10.26, t=-6.76, P〈0.01）. Resilience scores of military postgraduates were significantly higher than those of local postgraduates （77.18 ± 11.59 vs. 74.97 ±11.19, t=2.77, P〈0.05）. Resilience scores of female postgraduates were significantly lower than those of males （74.79 ±10.83 vs. 76.94 ±11.78, t=2.68, P〈0.05）, reflected in factors of tenacity and strength. ②Resilience and its factors were positively related to positive affect and attention to positive information （r=0.448-0.625, P〈0.01）, while negatively related to negative affect and attention to negative information （r=-0.206～-0.448, P〈0.01）. ③Regression analysis showed that positive and negative emotion, attention to positive and negative information can significantly predict resilience, accounting for the variance of 53.7%. ④Positive and negative affect partially mediated the relationship between attention to positive information and positive affect and resilience. Conclusion Attention to positive information and positive affect may be potential targets for intervention to enhance the level of resilience among military medical postgraduate students.

关 键 词：心理弹性 积极消极情绪 正负性认知偏向 心理健康教育 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学] R195.1[医药卫生—医学心理学]