不同类型地区畜禽养殖废弃物资源化利用管理模式选择——以江苏省太湖地区为例  

Regional livestock waste resource utilization management modes in the Taihu Lake Basin,Jiangsu

作　　者：姜海[1] 雷昊[1] 白璐[1] 吴昊[2] 赵海燕[3] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学公共管理学院,南京210059 [2]江苏省农业环境监测与保护站,南京210036 [3]南京农业大学资源与环境学院,南京210059

出　　处：《资源科学》2015年第12期2430-2440,共11页Resources Science

基　　金：太湖水污染治理专项资金管理类课题(TH2013306);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07101-009)

摘　　要：不同地区应根据种植业-养殖业发展情况、经济发展水平与政府污染治理能力、水环境状况与治理需求,因地制宜地选择管理模式。依据系统构成要素及关系,本文将畜禽养殖废弃物资源化利用管理模式总结为养殖企业主导型、有机肥企业主导型、种植企业主导型、政府(公益性处理中心)主导型四类。综合应用聚类分析与SWOT分析方法,将江苏省太湖地区22个县(市、区)划分为三类管理模式地区:养殖企业-有机肥企业主导型模式混合推广区,占太湖地区总土地面积43%;有机肥企业主导型模式重点推广区,占土地总面积20%;种植企业主导模式重点推广区,占土地总面积37%。政府在畜禽养殖废弃物资源化利用中应同时扮演废弃物处理排放监督者、资源化利用组织者与服务购买者等"多重角色",将养殖废弃物资源化利用相关利益主体组织起来,重新构建种植业-养殖业关系,切实提高养殖废弃物的有效利用水平。Non-hazardous recycle utilization of waste from the livestock breeding industry is very important for agricultural non- pointed source pollution control and water environmental conservation in China. Local governments face a major challenge in choosing appropriate management modes for different regions. Based on an analysis of the system＇s ingredients and relationships,livestock waste resource utilization management modes are summarized as four types：livestock farm oriented mode;organic fertilizer production factory oriented mode;plantation oriented mode;and local government or public organic waste treatment center oriented mode. Different regions should choose appropriate livestock waste resource utilization modes based on the level of development in the local crop farming and livestock sector;the level of regional economic development;the status of public finances and the capacity of local governments to abate livestock waste;and the status of the local water environment and pressure of water pollution control. The southern area of Jiangsu Province surrounding Taihu Lake is chosen as a case study in this paper. The region faces a major water environment crisis caused by pollution from livestock breeding and other sources. The 22 counties（including cities and districts）in the Taihu Lake basin in Jiangsu could be divided into three types of regions by cluster analysis for livestock waste resource utilization. The appropriate management mode for each type of region is assessed through a SWOT analysis. Forty-three percent of the areas studied should mainly apply a livestock farm oriented mode or organic fertilizer production factory oriented mode,both of which are characterized by a highly developed economy,large agricultural acreage and a large amount of livestock breeding,and direct connection with the water pollution of Taihu Lake. Twenty percent of the areas studied should mainly apply an organic fertilizer factory oriented mode,which is characterized by very limited capacity of pollutant transformation

关 键 词：养殖废弃物 资源化利用 管理模式 地区分类 太湖流域 

分 类 号：X713[环境科学与工程—环境工程]