医学影像检测仪器的现状和发展前景  

Present State and Perspectives of Medical Imaging Instruments

作　　者：吴石增[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院电工研究所,北京100190

出　　处：《现代科学仪器》2015年第6期13-19,共7页Modern Scientific Instruments

摘　　要：医学影像检测仪器已成为人体病情·l各床诊断的重要设备，近些年来，在医院临床应用的医学影像设备主要是X射线断层成像（X-ray Computed Tomography，X-CT）、超声成像（Ultrasonic Tomography）、磁共振成像（Magnetic Resonance Imaging，MRI）等。它们的广泛应用，为广大患者病情的诊断起到了举世公认的作用。但是这些仪器本身存在共同的缺陷，它们均属于人体疾病形态病变的诊断设备，不能对人体疾病进行早期诊断。为此，科学家们开始研究能对人体疾病进行早期诊断的电阻抗成像技术，但是电阻抗成像技术也存在不能实用化的缺陷，科学家们继而又开始了克服电阻抗成像缺陷的磁感应式成像、磁共振电阻抗成像和感应式磁声成像技术的研究。本文介绍了这些新技术各自的工作原理、优势和缺陷以及发展前景。Medical Imaging Instruments have been important devices for the disease diagnosis of the person soma. Over recent years, Medical Imaging Instruments that are widely used in hospitals are X-ray Computed Tomography（X- CT）, Ultrasonic Tomography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging（MRI）. The effect of them is approved for for the disease diagnosis of the person soma. But these instruments have a common fault, that is they belong to the diagnostic device for shape imaging, they can not get imaging for the function of the person soma. Therefore, the disease of patients are not diagnosed at forepart of pathological changes. In order to improve this actuality, scientists begined to study the electrical impedance tomography（EIT）. But the EIT also exists the limitation, scientists continue to explore new imaging methods,including the magnetic induction tomography（MIT）, the magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography （MREIT）,the magnetoacoustic tomograhpy with magentic indction（MAT-MI）. This paper introduces their principle, advantage and limitation, and current state and development for studying them.

关 键 词：成像技术 X-CT 超声成像 磁共振成像 功能成像 电阻抗成像 磁感应成像 磁共振电阻抗成术 感应式磁声成像 

分 类 号：TH773[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]