H2O2浸种处理对晚直播油菜苗期耐寒性的影响  

Effects of seed soaking with hydrogen peroxide on seedling cold tolerance of late direct- sowing rape

作　　者：万林[1] 张曼[1] 钟飞燕[1] 周琴[1] 江海东[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学,农业部南方作物生理生态重点开放实验室,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2015年第6期811-819,共9页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD20B05-03);中央高校基本科研业务费(KYZ201202-7);江苏省气象科研开放基金(KZ201104)

摘　　要：为了解H_2O_2浸种对油菜苗期耐寒性的影响,以中双11号(Z11)和南农油4号(N4)为材料进行盆栽试验,以0.05%H_2O_2浸种处理,晾干后晚直播,在苗期低温前、低温胁迫时和胁迫解除后分别取样,研究油菜生长、抗氧化系统和渗透调节物质的变化,明确H_2O_2浸种对油菜苗期低温伤害的防护作用及其生理机制。研究结果显示,H_2O_2浸种提高了油菜苗期叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)、脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(DHAR)、单脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(MDHAR)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)、谷胱甘肽转硫酶(GST)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)的活性,维持较高的抗氧化物质抗坏血酸(As A)和谷胱甘肽(GSH)的含量,降低活性氧(ROS)水平和丙二醛(MDA)含量。H_2O_2浸种增加了渗透调节物质脯氨酸、可溶性糖含量,提高了渗透调节能力。H_2O_2浸种显著促进苗期油菜生长,胁迫解除后Z11 H_2O_2浸种处理地上部和地下部生物量分别较对照增加了53.07%和73.12%;而N4分别增加了28.22%和43.61%。Z11增产达18.89%,而N4增产32.25%。结果表明H_2O_2浸种能有效缓解低温胁迫对苗期油菜生长的抑制效应,促进苗期生长,提高产量。Pot experiment with Zhongshuang 11（ Z11） and Nannongyou 4（ N4） was conducted to reveal protective function and physiology effects of seed soaking with H2O2 on rape seedlings under low- temperature stress.Seed soaked with 0. 05% H2O2 and dried was direct- sown in late autumn. Seedlings were sampled before,during and after cold stress to investigate seedling growth changes,antioxidative system and osmotic regulation substances.Results showed that H2O2 soaking could promote activities of superoxide dismutase（ SOD） and peroxidase（ POD）,catalase（ CAT）,ascorbate peroxidase（ APX）,dehydroascorbate reductase（ DHAR）,mono dehydroascorbate reductase（ MDHAR）,glutathione reductase（ GR）,glutathione s- transferase（ GST）,glutathione pero xidase（ GPX） and contents of antioxidants such as ascorbic acid（ As A） and glutathione（ GSH） so as to reduce MDA content and ROS level in seedling under cold stress. H2O2 soaking could also improve osmotic capacity by increasing contents of proline and soluble sugar. H2O2 soaking improved seedling growth significantly. After cold stress,shoot and root weight of soaked Z11 increased 53. 07% and 73. 12% respectively,while those of soaked N4 increased 28. 22% and 43. 61% respectively. Final yield of Z11 and N4 increased by 18. 89% and 32. 25% respectively. It suggested that soaking with H2O2 could improve seedling cold tolerance by promoting antioxidant ability and osmotic adjustment which further promoted seedling growth and seed yield.

关 键 词：甘蓝型油菜 过氧化氢 浸种 耐寒性 晚直播 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学] S565.4[农业科学—作物学]