滑坡灾害的成因机制及其特征分析  

Analysis of formation mechanism and characteristics of landslide disasters

作　　者：张江伟[1,2] 李小军[1] 迟明杰[1,3] 卢滔[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国地震局地球物理研究所,北京100081 [2]石家庄经济学院,河北石家庄050031 [3]中国地震局地震观测与地球物理成像重点实验室,北京100081 [4]防灾科技学院防灾工程系,河北燕郊065201

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2015年第6期42-49,共8页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2011CB013601);国家国际科技合作项目(2012DFG20510);国家自然科学基金项目(51208108)~~

摘　　要：较为详细地分析了安县大光包巨型滑坡、云南德昌滑坡和宝兴县省道S210沿线滑坡的成因机制及特征,搜集总结了20世纪以来的重大滑坡事件,并对滑坡的类型、地质条件、诱因等进行了分析与归类。分析结果表明:(1)大部分边坡发生滑坡现象是内因和外因的共同作用导致的,即边坡本身岩土体性质的弱化以及外部所施加的荷载;(2)影响边坡稳定性的所有外部因素中,降雨、地震首当其冲;(3)对于二元结构或者含有软夹层的边坡来说,当地质条件恶劣时,在降雨、地震等外因的激发下,极其容易发生滑坡;(4)含软夹层的边坡发生滑坡时,滑动带多是由软夹层演化而成的。In this paper,the formation mechanism and characteristics of Daguangbao gigantic landslide in Anxian County of Sichuang Province,Dechang landslide in Yunnan Province and S210 provincial highway landslides in Sichuan Province were analyzed in detail,and the types,geological conditions and causes of major landslide events since 20 th Century were collected and classified. The analysis results show that：（ 1） Most landslides are the results of combined internal and external causes,namely,the weakening of the slope body and the external loads;（ 2） Of all external factors that affect the stability of slopes,rainfalls and earthquakes are the most important ones;（ 3） When the geological conditions are poor,slopes with two element structure or soft interlayer especially tend to lead to landslide under excitation of external factors,such as the rainfalls and earthquakes;（ 4） For landslides with weak interlayer,its sliding zone is mostly evolved by the weak interlayer.

关 键 词：滑坡 降雨 地震 成因机制 特征 

分 类 号：P642.22[天文地球—工程地质学]