机械防沙体系风沙危害状况及其空间分异——以阿拉尔—和田沙漠公路为例  

Blown Sand Hazard Situation and Spatial Difference of Mechanical Sand Prevention System along Alar-Hetian Desert Highway

作　　者：王世杰[1] 徐新文[1] 康向光[1] 张恒[1] 田野[2] 刘建宇[2] 毛文莲 唐金峰[2] 曾辉[2] 曾程[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]塔里木油田公司,新疆库尔勒841000

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2015年第5期1017-1023,共7页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技支疆项目计划(201291106);新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(201130106-3);新疆维吾尔自治区交通厅科研项目(2010-10);新疆维吾尔自治区科技支撑项目(201433101);中科院西部博士专项(XBBS201205)

摘　　要：为了对阿拉尔—和田沙漠公路（阿和公路）机械防沙体系进行有针对性的维护,对阿和公路沿线机械防沙体系布设和风沙危害状况进行了实地调查,利用GIS空间分析功能,分析评价了沿线防沙体系危害状况及其空间分异。结果表明：1防沙体系中不同防沙措施风沙危害程度差异较大。其中,草方格风沙危害较轻,受灾较重和严重的路段总长100 km,占全线的24.8%;而阻沙栅栏危害较重,危害严重的路段总长199 km,占全线的49.3%,主要集中在沙漠公路的中段和偏南段。2公路防沙体系东西两侧风沙危害程度差异较大。在K227-K311路段,东侧危害程度明显大于西侧;而在红白山南北80 km范围内,西侧危害程度明显大于东侧。3在Ⅰ-Ⅴ地貌类型区,防沙体系危害程度值依次是0.67、0.75、0.79、0.80和0.70,Ⅰ区的风沙危害程度较轻,Ⅱ、Ⅴ区的危害程度中等,Ⅲ、Ⅳ区的危害程度较重。防沙体系受灾较轻的路段主要分布在北部和南端,受灾严重的区段主要集中在公路中段和偏南段（K382-K582）。In order to provide specific maintenance for the mechanical sand prevention system along the Alar-Hetian Desert Highway,the research group made a detailed survey and researched about its present and wind-sand environment. The situation and spatial difference of blown sand hazard of the mechanical sand prevention system along the Alar-Hetian Desert Highway using the GIS spatial analysis function. The study results show that： 1 the heavier and heavy disaster sections of the straw checkerboard mainly distribute K400-K417,K505-K578,K600-K610 a total length about 100 km,only account for percent 24. 8 of overall length; the serious damage of the fence along the highway mainly concentrated in the middle and partial southern of the road,a total length about 199 km,accounting for percent 49. 3 of overall length. 2 In K227-K311 sections,the damage extent on the east side of the sand protection system is heavier than the west side. The sections in which the extent of damage on the west side is heavier than the east side are mainly distributed in the 80 km range of the Hongbaishan. 3 The damage extent in 5 geomorphic types is 0. 67,0. 75,0. 79,0. 80 and 0. 70,respectively. In area Ⅰ the damage is lesser,Ⅱ and Ⅴ medium,Ⅲ and Ⅳ heavier. The lighter damage sections of the sand protection system are mainly distributed in the north and south tip and the heavy sections mainly focus on K382-K582 sections in the middle of the road.

关 键 词：防沙体系 风沙危害 草方格 阻沙栅栏 地貌类型 阿拉尔—和田沙漠公路 

分 类 号：U418[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]