浑善达克沙漠化防治区生态安全评价与对策  

Ecological Security Assessment and Countermeasures of Hunshandake Desertification Control Regions

作　　者：迟妍妍[1] 许开鹏[1] 张惠远[2] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部环境规划院,北京100012 [2]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2015年第5期1024-1031,共8页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划"973"项目(2009CB421106);国家环境保护公益性行业科研专项(201009021;2012467044)

摘　　要：区域生态安全格局对于区域经济社会可持续发展具有重要意义,浑善达克沙漠化防治作为维护防风固沙功能的重要区域,保障其生态安全尤为重要。通过对沙漠化过程的影响因素分析,构建基于植物生长、土地覆被类型、土壤侵蚀的沙漠化防治区生态安全评价指标体系,利用遥感和GIS技术分别得出各项指标评价结果,在此基础上将各要素进行叠加,得到区域生态安全状况。结果表明:"较不安全"地区占总区域面积的35.42%,"不安全"和"极不安全"地区分别占总区域面积的3.42%和0.05%。2000—2008年,浑善达克沙漠化防治区的南部与东部部分地区由自然景观转变为耕地,占总区域面积的1.19%。在浑善达克沙漠化防治区生态安全评价的基础上,结合经济社会发展压力分析,提出区域生态安全保障对策。Ecological security research is a hotspot of research on the current large-scale ecology problems. Hunshandake region is one of top ten sand in China,mainly composed of fixed and semi-fixed dunes of sand landscape;its edge area has become one of the important dust activity sources of Beijing-Tianjin region in recent years. Regional ecological security pattern is significant for regional sustainable development. As an important area of maintenance sand-fixing functions,the ecological security of Hunshandake desertification control regions is particularly important. This research tried to establish index system of ecological security evaluation based on vegetation growth,land cover pattern and soil erosion of Hunshandake,through analyzing the influence factors of desertification process. Three indicators evaluation results were identified and integrated into an overall ecological security assessment by using remote sensing and GIS technology. Results showed,relatively unsafe areas accounts for 35. 42% of the regional lands,unsafe areas and very unsafe areas accounts for 3. 42% and 0. 05% of the regional lands respectively. From 2000 to 2008,natural landscapes changed to deserts in parts of center areas,account for 6. 84% of the regional lands. In addition,natural landscapes changed to crop land in parts of southern and eastern areas,account for 1. 19% of the regional lands. With the further research of ecological security evaluation index,evaluation method and complete data,there will be more accurate evaluation results. On the basis of ecological security assessment of Hunshandake desertification control regions,combination with analysis of economic and social development stress,regional ecological security countermeasures were put forward.

关 键 词：沙漠化防治 生态安全 评价 对策 浑善达克 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X171.4