鹅头分汊河型河道演变时空差异研究  

Spatio-temporal Differences of Fluvial Process of Goose-head-shaped Anabranching River Reaches

作　　者：刘亚[1,2] 李义天[2] 卢金友[1] 

机构地区：[1]长江科学院水利部江湖治理与防洪重点实验室,湖北武汉430010 [2]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《应用基础与工程科学学报》2015年第4期705-714,共10页Journal of Basic Science and Engineering

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务(CKSF2014017);国家自然科学基金面上项目(51379018);水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201401011)

摘　　要：鹅头分汊河道为极度弯曲的分汊河型,具有河势周期性交替的演变共性,但其平面形态及河势变化特征因时因地而异.为探究长江中下游不同鹅头分汊型河道之间的空间性差异及同一汊道在不同周期演变中的时间性差异,本文从汊道弯曲程度、河势演变周期长短及滩槽冲淤变形幅度等方面总结了鹅头分汊型河道演变的时空差异性,并探讨了产生此差异的主要原因.研究表明,不同汊道进出口节点的走向及进口节点挑流作用的强弱是产生鹅头分汊型河道空间差异的主要原因;对于特定的鹅头型汊道,进口节点挑流作用在上游河势及年内径流过程的影响下发生强弱调整,这是造就其时间性差异的主要因素.The regime of goose-head-shaped anabranching（ GHA for short） channel,as extremely winding,alternates periodically as a common evolution feature. But the channel＇s planform and fluvial features vary with time and space. To investigate the spatial differences among GHA subreaches in the middle and lower Yangtze River and temporal differences among several evolution cycles of a specific GHA sub-reach,fluvial features from perspectives degree of bending,length of the evolutional cycles and extent of riverbed deformation were summarized. Major causes of the differences were revealed as follows： Alignment of the inlet nodes and intensity of water flow deflection bring about the spatial difference of the GHA channels,while variation of the deflection intensity affected by upstream river regime and runoff process conduces to the temporal difference of a GHA channel.

关 键 词：鹅头分汊河道 河床演变 时空差异 

分 类 号：TV147[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]