冬季北极涛动对东亚表面温度的持续异常影响  

The Persistent Impact of Winter Arctic Oscillation on the East Asian Surface Air Temperature

作　　者：董仕[1] 肖子牛[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081 [2]中国科学院大气物理研究所,大气科学和地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《应用气象学报》2015年第4期422-431,共10页Journal of Applied Meteorological Science

基　　金：国家重大科学研究计划(2012CB957804);国家自然科学基金项目(41175051)

摘　　要：利用1950—2013年NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和哈德莱中心的海表面温度资料,统计分析了冬季北极涛动(AO)对东亚表面温度的影响。研究发现:冬季AO正位相时,东亚大槽减弱,西伯利亚高压减弱,低层风场异常偏南,东亚冬季风减弱,东亚冬季风区温度升高,而负位相时情况相反。冬季高纬度大气变率大,冬季逐月AO与东亚冬季温度的关系表明1月、2月AO分别与东亚表面温度的相关关系皆可持续2个月以上;AO正位相时,西太平洋海温和东亚表面温度均有所升高,由于海洋运动和变化具有缓慢性和持续性,西太平洋海温可以承载长达4个月的AO信号,西太平洋海温可持续影响东亚地区温度,导致AO持续影响东亚表面温度。A statistical research of NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data and Met Office HadlSST over the period of1948 — 2013 is conducted to explore the influence of the winter AO on East Asian surface air temperature.The positive phase of the winter AO is characterized by weakened East Asia deep trough as well as Siberian high,low-level southerly wind field,and weakened East Asian winter monsoon resulting in temperature rise.The contrary is the case in the negative phase of the winter AO.In high latitudes,atmospheric variability in winter is very large.With probing deeply into the relationship between monthly winter AO and East Asian surface air temperature,it is found that the impact of AO in January and February can last 2 months or longer,respectively.And the impact will almost disappear in June.The effect of winter AO itself on monthly scale is not consistent.AO can only last no more than two months after self-correlation analysis.But though a large amount of ocean heat content,sea change is slow and persistent.Ocean can store abnormal information of atmosphere,and then acting on atmosphere.For the positive phase of AO,the sea surface temperature（SST） in Western Pacific and East Asian surface temperature are simultaneously abnormally high,and anomalous northeast trades lead to SST anomalies in Western Pacific,making Western Pacific carry AO signals for more than 4 months.With effects of Western Pacific,AO signals are passed continuously into East Asia.Above all,effects of SST in Western Pacific are of vital importance for the persistent impact of Arctic Oscillation on the East Asia through air-sea interaction.

关 键 词：北极涛动 东亚表面温度 西太平洋海温 海气相互作用 

分 类 号：P433[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P732