膜下滴灌对水稻根系形态及生理性状的影响  

Effects of mulch drip irrigation on the form of rice root and physiological characteristics

作　　者：李丽 陈林 张婷婷 银永安 朱江艳 赵双玲 

机构地区：[1]新疆天业(集团)有限公司,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2015年第6期536-540,共5页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：国家863计划项目(2011AA100508);新疆生产建设兵团博士基金资助项目(2013BB007);新疆农八师石河子市科技基础条件平台建设计划

摘　　要：为探明水稻在膜下滴灌灌溉方式下根系生长发生的变化,设置小区试验与传统淹灌进行对比,以粳稻品种"T-04"和"T-43"为材料,研究了膜下滴灌灌溉方式对水稻根系形态、根系氧化力和硝酸还原酶的影响.结果表明:土表下20 cm深度,膜下滴灌水稻的根系长度、表面积、体积和平均直径都高于传统淹灌,并且差异具有统计学意义.土表下40 cm,膜下滴灌对水稻根系形态影响不具有统计学意义;水稻根系氧化力都是呈先增大,后减小的趋势,水稻根系氧化力最大期因品种而异.分蘖期膜下滴灌对水稻根系氧化力的影响因品种而异,但在拔节孕穗期、齐穗期和乳熟期,膜下滴灌水稻根系氧化力高于传统淹灌,并且差异具有统计学意义,膜下滴灌水稻后期根系具有较强的抗衰老能力;膜下滴灌水稻根系硝酸还原酶活性高于传统淹灌,但在分蘖期和乳熟期的差异不具有统计学意义,在拔节孕穗期和齐穗期差异具有统计学意义.In order to explore the change in the growth of rice roots by mulch drip irrigation, japonica type rice ＂T - 04＂ and ＂T - 43＂ were adopted to study the form of rice root, roots, activity and nitrate reductase activity in mulch drip irrigation. The results indicate that at the depth of 20 cm, the length, surface area, volume and diameter of roots in mulch drip irrigation are all higher than those in the tradition basin irrigation. There is no significant difference at the depth of 40 cm;the activity of root on rice shows the trend of raising first and depressing later, and the highest stage and the tillering stage of rice are different in different cuhivars of rice. The roots＇ activity in mulch drip irrigation is higher than that in the tradition basin irrigation in the jointing-hooting stage, full heading stage and milk-ripe stage. The anti-aging ability of roots is higher than that in mulch drip irrigation. Nitrate reductase （NR）activity in mulch drip irrigation is higher than that in the tradition basin irrigation. There is no significant difference in the tillering stage and milk-ripe stage. There is significant difference in the jointing-booting stage and full heading stage.

关 键 词：水稻 膜下滴灌 硝酸还原酶 根系形态 根系活力 

分 类 号：S275[农业科学—农业水土工程] S511[农业科学—农业工程]