环境抗争中底层群体的社会心理——基于蓬莱19-3溢油事件的案例阐释与拓展分析  

Study on the Social Mentality of Subaltern Group in Environmental Contention—Interpretation and Extensive Analysis Based on Penglai 19-3 Oil Spill Incident

作　　者：陈涛[1] 杨悦[2] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学社会学系,江苏高校哲学社会科学重点研究基地培育点长三角环境与社会研究中心 [2]中国海洋大学法政学院

出　　处：《中国地质大学学报（社会科学版）》2016年第1期102-112,171,共11页Journal of China University of Geosciences(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目"海洋污染事件中渔民的环境抗争研究"(13CSH039);河海大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目"长三角地区环境问题的社会学研究"(2015B10814)

摘　　要：学术界在环境抗争领域形成了丰富的研究成果,但对底层群体社会心理的深入考察非常有限。路易岛渔民环境抗争的研究表明,底层群体的抗争心理呈现出复杂化和多元化的特征。从抗争历程上看,底层群体经历了"寻求公正→心理失衡→弱势认同→正名"四个阶段的变化;面对基层政府,底层群体存在着依赖、畏惧、怨恨和理解等心理类型;从抗争策略选择上看,则存在着"闹大"与"打擦边球"等心理类型。在社会转型加速期,社会心理的复杂化在底层环境抗争中已经成为常态。利益分化背景下抗争资源的缺乏和惩罚性措施的存在,是导致环境抗争心理复杂化的深层次原因。政府部门既需要对环境抗争中的社会心理加强研究,更需要建立健全依法维权的环境纠纷化解机制。A large number of achievements have been made in the field of environmental contention study.However,the deep investigation of subaltern group's social mentality has been ignored.The research of Louis Island fishermen's environmental contention indicates that the mentality of subaltern group's environmental contention presents complicated features.Judging from contention process,the mentality experienced four-stage changes,namely'seeking social justice-imbalance-weak identity-rectification of name'.Their mentality towards the local government varies from dependence,fear,resentment and understanding.From the view of strategy choice,there are two kinds of mentality,'making big'and'playing edge ball'.In the accelerating period of social transformation,the complex mentality is the norm of environmental contention.The lack of contention resources under the background of interest differentiation and the existence of punitive measures are deep reasons leading to the complicated mentality.The government departments are supposed to further study social mentality,establish and improve the dispute resolving mechanism of rights in accordance with the law.

关 键 词：环境抗争 底层群体 社会心理 相对剥夺感 

分 类 号：D912.64[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]