城乡收入差距是如何影响全要素生产率的?  

How Does the Urban-rural Income Gap Affect Total Factor Productivity?

作　　者：高帆[1] 汪亚楠[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学经济学院

出　　处：《数量经济技术经济研究》2016年第1期92-109,共18页Journal of Quantitative & Technological Economics

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"我国城乡要素交换关系完善的理论研究与实证分析"(12CJL039);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目"中国城乡二元经济结构转化的政治经济学"(NCET-11-0105);上海市哲社规划项目"转型发展背景下上海化解新二元结构问题研究"(2012FJL001)的资助

摘　　要：城乡收入差距会通过市场需求和人力资本的两种效应——结构效应与规模效应影响TFP，并导致TFP呈现先增后减的倒“U”形变动轨迹。据此，本文采用1992-2013年我国31个省份的面板数据进行实证研究。结果发现，我国城乡收入差距确实导致TFP呈现倒“U”形变动过程，拐点出现在城乡收入差距为0．1852处，城乡收入差距通过市场需求和人力资本的两种效应影响TFP。引入空间相关性后城乡收入差距对TFP的影响仍呈现倒“U”形趋势，拐点出现在城乡收入差距为0．1848处，影响机制仍是市场需求和人力资本的两种效应。The paper shows that urban-rural income gap can affect TFP through two effects of market demand and human capital, which are structure effect and scale effect, and causes TFP showing inverted U-shaped after the first increased and then decreased. Based on the panel data of China＇s 31 provinces in 1992-2013, the empirical study shows that. ur- ban-rural income gap has indeed led TFP presenting inverted U-shaped, the turning point appeared on the location which urban-rural income gap is 0. 1852, and urban-rural income gap has affected TFP really through two effects of market demand and human capital. Spatial econometric model also confirms that： provinces＇ TFP have spatial correlation, the relation- ship of urban-rural income gap and TFP is still showing inverted U-shaped introducing spa- tial correlation, and the turning point appeared on the location which urban-rural income gap is 0. 1848, the two affect mechanisms are still market demand and human capital.

关 键 词：全要素生产率 城乡收入 市场需求 人力资本 

分 类 号：F222[经济管理—国民经济]