添加氮肥对高寒嵩草(Kobresia)草甸群落植物N、P生态化学计量特征的影响  

Effect of the addition of nitrogen fertilizer on the ecological stoichiometry characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus in the plants from the community of alpine Kobresia meadow

作　　者：张东杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海畜牧兽医职业技术学院农林科学系,西宁812100

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2016年第1期119-122,共4页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：农业部公益性行业专项(201203007);青海省高校"135高层次人才培养工程"项目

摘　　要：为了探讨尿素对高寒嵩草(Kobresia)草甸植物和土壤N、P养分生态化学计量特征及生物量的影响,试验测定了高寒草甸生物量和植物全氮、全磷、全钾及土壤全氮、全磷、全钾、硝态氮含量。结果表明:在施肥量为450 kg/hm2时,牧草鲜重和干重分别为877.87,341.07 g/m2,显著高于其他处理(P<0.05);在施肥量为400 kg/hm2时植物全氮含量最高,为56.53 g/kg,与施肥量为450 kg/hm2时相比差异不显著(P>0.05),显著高于其他处理(P<0.05);对照处理的植物全磷含量最高;在施肥量为400 kg/hm2时土壤硝态氮含量最高,与施肥量为450,350 kg/hm2相比差异不显著(P>0.05),显著高于其他处理(P<0.05),对照处理的土壤硝态氮含量最低(0.036 g/kg);与对照相比,各施肥处理下植物氮磷比呈不同程度增加的趋势。说明高寒嵩草草甸植被主要受氮限制,施氮肥能促进植被对氮的吸收,抑制对磷的吸收,提高植物氮磷比。To investigate the effect of urea on the plants of alpine Kobresia meadow, ecological stoichiometry characteristics of soil nitrogen and phosphorus, and the biomass, the biomass of alpine meadow and the contents of plant total nitrogen, plant total phosphorus, plant total potassium, soil total nitrogen, soil total phosphorus, soil total potassium and soil nitrate nitrogen were determined in the test. The resnlts showed the fresh and dry weight of forage were 877.87 and 341.07 g/hm2 when the amount of fertilizer application was 450 kg/hm2, respectively, which was significantly higher（ P 〈 0.05 ） than other treatments. The maximum content of plant total nitrogen was 56.53 g/kg when the amount of fertilizer application was 400 kg/hm2 , and there was no significant difference （P 〉 0.05 ）on the amount of fertilizer application between 400 and 450 kg/hm2, while the treatment was significantly higher （ P 〈 0.05 ） than other treatments. The content of plant total phosphorus with the control treatment was highest. The content of soil nitrate nitrogen was highest when the amount of fertilizer application was 400 kg/hm2 , and there were no significant differences （ P 〉 0.05 ） on the amount of fertilizer application among 400,450 and 350 kg/hm2, while the treatment was significantly higher（ P 〈 0.05 ）than other treatments. However, the content of soil nitrate nitrogen with the control treatment was lowest. The ratio of plant nitrogen and phosphorus under each application treatment showed an increasing trend to different degrees compared with the control. The results indicate that the vegetation of alpine Kobresia meadow is mainly limited by nitrogen, and applying nitrogen fertilizer can promote the absorption of nitrogen by plants, and inhibit the absorption of phosphorus, and increase the ratio of plant nitrogen and phosphorus.

关 键 词：高寒嵩草草甸 生物量 植物全量养分 土壤全量养分 土壤速效养分 生态化学计量 

分 类 号：S812.4[农业科学—草业科学]