客车NVH特性的车身地板优化设计  

Design and Optimization of a Bus Body Floor Based on NVH Performance

作　　者：赵向阳[1] 袁霞[1] 王世超[2] 陈方舟 

机构地区：[1]河南机电高等专科学校汽车工程系,河南新乡453003 [2]吉林大学汽车工程学院,吉林长春130022 [3]南京汽车集团有限公司,江苏南京210028

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2016年第1期269-272,共4页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：河南省高等学校重点科研项目(15A460014)

摘　　要：针对某客车在高速下车身地板中后部振动较大、导致车厢内部NVH性能变差的问题,利用有限元软件建立了该车身地板的有限元模型。并通过试验测试分析技术和有限元模态分析法找出了车厢内地板振动的原因,其原因是客车车身地板后部在（45-60Hz）内存在两个局部模态,此两个模态频率落在了传动轴的1.28阶激励和发动机的2阶工作激励频率范围内,引发了地板的共振。先对车身地板的有限元模型中的横梁进行了灵敏度分析,然后根据分析结果进行了地板横梁结构及布置的优化,最后对优化结果进行了试验验证。试验结果表明优化后车身地板的振动明显减弱,表明了优化方案的有效性,这对解决类似的汽车NVH问题具有指导和参考价值。For the poor NVH performance problem,caused by the vehicle rear floor greater vibration at high speed,a finite element model of the vehicle floor was built using the finite element software. The techniques of vibration testing and analysis were used as well as the method of finite element modal analysis to find out the causes of bus floor vibration. The reason was that the vehicle rear floor has two partial modal in the frequency range of（45-60Hz）,this two modal frequencies were within1.28 order of the drive shaft and 2 order of the engine excitation frequency,which caused the resonance of the bus floor. First,the beam body sensitivity of the finite element floor model was analyzed. Then the structure and layout of the floor beams was optimized according to the analysis results. At last,the submitted optimization was verified by the road experiment test. The test results have demonstrated the effectiveness of the optimization program,which has a guide and reference for solving similar vehicle NVH problems.

关 键 词：NVH 车身地板 横梁 灵敏度分析 优化 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]