室温沉淀聚合制备单分散聚苯乙烯微球  

Synthesis of Monodispersed Polystyrene Microspheres Through the Precipitation Polymerization at Room Temperature

作　　者：戈成彪 康宏亮[2] 董风英[1] 孙云明[1] 刘瑞刚[2] 

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学化学与药学院,青岛266109 [2]中国科学院化学研究所北京分子科学国家实验室高分子物理与化学实验室,北京100190

出　　处：《高分子学报》2016年第1期98-104,共7页Acta Polymerica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(基金号5100380)资助项目

摘　　要：采用沉淀聚合的方法以乙醇/水为混合溶剂、K_2S_2O_8/NaHSO_3为引发剂,室温下引发苯乙烯聚合制备了单分散的聚苯乙烯(PS)微球.研究了反应时间、引发剂用量、反应溶剂中乙醇与水的比例、搅拌速度对聚苯乙烯微球的收率及形貌、单体转化率的影响.结果表明,聚苯乙烯微球的单体转化率、微球的收率和粒径随着反应时间的延长而增加,反应12 h后趋于稳定;当增加引发剂的用量,聚苯乙烯微球的单体转化率、微球的收率和粒径都有所增加,K_2S_2O_8与Na HSO_3用量分别在≤2.0%和1.3%时,能够得到单分散的聚苯乙烯微球;随着反应介质中水含量的增加,聚苯乙烯微球的单体转化率、微球的收率先增加后降低,单分散性变差,水含量在≤40%能够得到单分散的微球;搅拌速度从600 r/min增加到1200 r/min时,微球粒径、收率与单体转化率几乎没有变化.并初步研究了聚苯乙烯微球的形成机理.Monodispersed polystyrene（ PS） microspheres were synthesized by the precipitation polymerization of styrene in low toxic ethanol / water mixed solvent using K2S2O8/ Na HSO3 as initiators at 25 ℃. This work aimed at providing a new method of low-temperature preparation of monodispersed PS microspheres without cross-linker. Several reaction conditions,including reaction times,weight contents of initiators,and volume ratios of ethanol and water,were investigated in order to determine the effects of polymerization process on PS microspheres. The monomer conversion,and the size and yield of PS microspheres increased with reaction time and kept constantly after 12 h. With the increase of initiator content,the monomer conversion,and the size and yield of PS microspheres were increased,but the size distribution was nonuniform. When the weight contents of initiators K2S2O8 and Na HSO_3,relative to that of styrene,were no more than 2. 0% and 1. 3%,respectively,PS microspheres were monodispersed. When the volume content of water in ethanol / water mixed solvent changed from 10% to 40%,the monomer conversion,and the yield of PS microspheres were increased,and monodispersed PS microspheres can be obtained. However,when the volume content of water was more than40%,these performances would be decreased with wide microsphere distribution. When the stirring speed was changed from 600 r / min to 1200 r / min,PS microspheres had a little difference in size,yield and monomer conversion. The formation mechanism of PS microspheres was studied.

关 键 词：聚苯乙烯 微球 单分散 室温 沉淀聚合 

分 类 号：O631[理学—高分子化学]