宫腔镜术后尿路感染的病原菌分布与抗菌药物应用研究  

Distribution of pathogens causing postoperative urinary tract infections in patients undergoing hysteroscopy and use of antibiotics

作　　者：黄华[1] 魏振玲[1] 郭瑞霞[1] 李静[1] 万爱红[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学第一附属医院妇科,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2016年第2期413-415,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：河南省自然科学基金资助项目(0611044800)

摘　　要：目的分析宫腔镜术后尿路感染的病原菌分布及抗菌药物应用,为更好的治疗尿路感染及使用抗菌药物提供理论依据。方法收集2013年4月-2015年4月医院就诊的974例宫腔镜术后尿路感染患者尿液标本,采集后及时送检,进行细菌鉴定及药敏试验,并对革兰阴性菌进行ESBLs检测。结果尿路感染患者共分离病原菌974株,其中革兰阳性菌242株占24.85%,革兰阴性菌590株占60.57%,真菌142例占14.58%;革兰阳性菌对13种抗菌药物存在不同程度的耐药性;大肠埃希菌的产ESBLs检出率为58.84%,肺炎克雷伯菌的产ESBLs检出率为39.68%;产ESBLs菌对抗菌药物的耐药性高于非产ESBLs菌。结论加强对宫腔镜术后尿路感染的病原菌分布及耐药性的研究,有利于推动宫腔镜手术及尿路感染治疗的发展。OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution of pathogens causing postoperative urinary tract infections in patients undergoing hysteroscopy and analyze the use of antibiotics so as to provide theoretical bases for treatment of the urinary tract infections and use of antibiotics.METHODS The urine specimens were collected from 974 patients who underwent the hysteroscopy from Apr 2013 to Apr 2015 and had the postoperative urinary tract infections,then the urine specimens were submitted in a timely manner,the strains were identified,the drug susceptibility testing was performed,and the ESBLs were detected in gram-negative bacteria.RESULTS A total of 974 strains of pathogens were isolated from the patients with the urinary tract infections,including 242（24.85%）strains of gram-positive bacteria,590（60.57%）strains of gram-negative bacteria,and 142（14.58%）strains of fungi.The gram-positive bacteria varied in the drug resistance to 13 antibiotics.The detection of the ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli was 58.84%,and the detection rate of the ESBLs-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae was39.68%.The drug resistance rates of the ESBLs-producing strains was higher than that of the non-ESBLs-producing strains.CONCLUSIONIt is necessary to strengthen the research on the distribution and drug resistance of the pathogens causing the postoperative urinary tract infections in the patients undergoing the hysteroscopy so as to promote the hysteroscopy and development of treatment of the urinary tract infections.

关 键 词：宫腔镜手术 尿路感染 病原菌 分布 抗菌药物 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]