某肿瘤专科医院医院感染现患率调查与分析  

Prevalence rates of nosocomial infections in a tumor specialized hospital

作　　者：王亚[1] 阮燕萍[1] 许美佳 余元明[1] 谢淑萍[3] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省肿瘤医院感染管理科,浙江杭州310022 [2]浙江省肿瘤医院医务科,浙江杭州310022 [3]浙江省肿瘤医院胸部放疗科,浙江杭州310022

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2016年第2期462-464,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：浙江省医药卫生科技基金资助项目(2012KYA024)

摘　　要：目的通过连续3年医院感染横断面调查,了解某肿瘤专科医院医院感染现患率、抗菌药物的使用情况及动态趋势,为提高医院感染管理水平提供参考依据。方法采用住院患者床旁调查和病历调查相结合的方法对2012年8月21日、2013年8月20日、2014年9月2日医院感染进行横断面调查,填写个案调查表及床旁调查表;应用SPSS16.0软件对数据进行统计分析。结果 2012-2014年患者医院感染现患率分别为5.1%、4.4%、3.5%,差异无统计学意义;感染部位以下呼吸道感染最多,3年分别占37.8%、43.5%、46.8%,其次为手术部位感染,分别占22.2%、26.1%、19.1%;抗菌药物使用率分别为21.0%、15.8%、14.3%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);用药目的主要以预防用药为主,联合用药以一联用药为主;3年治疗性用药标本送检率分别为86.4%、88.4%、83.3%,差异无统计学意义。结论医院感染现患率逐年降低,感染控制较为理想;今后将开展目标性监测控制手术部位感染;继续按专项整治要求管理抗菌药物的使用。OBJECTIVE To understand the prevalence rates of nosocomial infections,use of antibiotics,and dynamic trends in a tumor specialized hospital through a cross-sectional survey in three consecutive years so as to provide guidance for improvement of management of the nosocomial infections.METHODS The cross-sectional surveys were conducted on Aug 21,2012,Aug 20,2013,and Sep 2,2014 by means of the bedside investigation combined with review of medical records of the hospitalized patients,then the case questionnaires and bedside investigation tables were filled out,and the statistical analysis of data was performed with the use of SPSS16.0software.RESULTS The prevalence rate of nosocomial infections was 5.1% in 2012,4.4% in 2013,3.5% in 2014,and there was no significant difference.The lower respiratory tract was the most common infection site,and the patients with lower respiratory tract infections respectively accounted for 37.8%,43.5%,and 46.8%in the three years;the patients with surgical site infections accounted for 22.2%,26.1%,and 19.1%,respectively;the utilization rates of antibiotics were 21.0%,15.8%,and 14.3%,respectively,and there was significant difference（P〈0.01）.The antibiotics prophylaxis was the major purpose of use of antibiotics,and the one-drug administration was dominant among the combined medication.The submission rates of the therapeutic drug samples were respectively 86.4%,88.4%,and 83.3%in the three years,and there was no significant difference.CONCLUSION The prevalence rate of the nosocomial infections is increased year by year,and the control of the infections is satisfying.It is necessary to conduct the targeted surveillance of surgical site infections and continue to manage the use of antibiotics according to the requirements of rectification.

关 键 词：医院感染 现患率 调查 抗菌药物 使用率 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]