伦理选择与道德警示——叶芝戏剧《德尔珏》的文学伦理学解读  

Ethical Choices and Moral Warning:An Interpretation of Yeats' Deirdre from the Perspective of Ethical Literary Criticism

作　　者：何林[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学文学院 [2]贵州师范大学文学院

出　　处：《外国文学研究》2015年第6期84-91,共8页Foreign Literature Studies

摘　　要：叶芝的《德尔珏》常被解读为一部爱情悲剧,但它实际上更是一部关于伦理选择和道德警示的戏剧。在德尔珏和科纳哈结婚前夕,呐谢受自然意志和自由意志的驱使,带着德尔珏私奔,这是作品预设的一个伦理结。戏剧重点呈现呐谢和德尔珏遵照科纳哈的誓言回到爱尔兰之后,呐谢和科纳哈对待誓言的不同态度、他们对解决矛盾方法的各自选择、以及如何看待死亡这一悲惨命运等方面。通过塑造呐谢、科纳哈、德尔珏这些充满着伦理意味的人物形象,叶芝批判了放纵自我欲望的爱尔兰中产阶级和普通民众,认为他们的生活当中应该加入更多的贵族理性的成分。与此同时,作家又将这一警示扩展到整个人类的层面,使其具有了更为深广的教诲意义。Yeats＇ Deirdre is often interpreted as a love tragedy, but I think it is actually a play about ethical choices and moral warning. On the eve of Deirdre＇s marriage to the aged king Conchubar, Naoise, driven by his natural will and free will, eloped with Deirdre, which is the preset ethical knot in the work. The play focuses on presenting the different attitudes between Naoise and Conchubar towards the oath after Deirdre and Naoise returned to Ireland. They are also different in their decisions when they face conflicts. Meanwhile, they have different views of death. By shaping the foretype of Naoise, Conchubar and Deirdre, who have strong sense of ethics, Yeats expresses his criticism of the middle class and the public who indulge themselves in their desires.Yeats shows the moral warning to the Irish people that there should be more aristocratic rational thinking in their lives. At the same time, the playwright expands this idea to the whole mankind, which teaches a universal lesson.

关 键 词：《德尔珏》 叶芝 伦理选择 道德教诲 

分 类 号：I562.073[文学—其他各国文学]