约翰·济慈“消极感受力”内涵解析  

The Connotation Analysis of John Keats' “Negative Capability”

作　　者：黄擎[1] 许诚[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学人文学院中文系

出　　处：《外国文学研究》2015年第6期92-100,共9页Foreign Literature Studies

基　　金：作者主持的国家社会科学基金青年项目"‘关键词批评’的理论范式及其在中国的批评实践研究"【项目批号:11CZW019】;教育部人文社科规划青年项目"‘关键词批评’研究"【项目批号:10YJC751035】的阶段性成果;浙江省社科联"之江青年社科学者行动计划"的支持

摘　　要：作为约翰·济慈诗论的核心,"消极感受力"建基于其丰厚多姿的诗歌创作实践,以深切的情感体验为底色,倡扬一种有别于运用逻辑推理务求事物本质的诗歌创作主体的介入方式,包含着一个动态的、发展的主客关系进程,即主体对客体悬停在"一知半解"的体认状态,与客体保持一定的"心理距离",并视客体为平等的存在;通过主体想象力的作用,还原客体的自由本真状态;经由情感体验的作用,使主客关系进一步升华,由主客平等最终臻达物我交融的主客合一状态。济慈的诗学思想既生发于特定文化传统和时代语境之中,又具有超越其所处时代的现代性光芒。"消极感受力"所包含的尊重客体、解放客体、主客合一的意识对济慈著名的"诗人无个性"说具有重要的影响,体现了一种开放的认知方式,内蕴了寻求人与自然和谐共生的生态伦理思想。As the core of John Keats＇ poetics, based on rich and colorful poetry creation practice, in the background of deep emotional experience, ＂negative capability＂ promoted an intervention of poem creation subject that was different from the one that pursued the essence of matter by logical reasoning and contained a dynamic and developing process of relationship between the subject and the object： keep a certain psychological distance by the subject＇s realization of sophomoric of the object and regard the object as the existence equal to the subject; restore the free and natural state of the object through the subject＇s imagination; further refine the relationship between the subject and the object by emotional experience and change the equal relation between subject and object into harmony of subject and object. Although Keats＇s poetic thoughts originated from the specific cultural tradition and appeared in the context of the times, it had the light of modernity that transcended his times. The awareness of respecting and liberating object and the harmony of subject and object contained in ＂negative capability＂ had an important influence on Keats＇ famous theory of ＂poet being no character＂, reflected an open cognitive style and contained the eco-ethical thought of pursuing harmonious co-existence between human and nature.

关 键 词：约翰·济慈 诗论 消极感受力 

分 类 号：I561.072[文学—其他各国文学]