草鱼幼鱼生长性状和肌肉成分的遗传参数估计  

Genetic parameter estimates of growth traits and flesh components in juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

作　　者：傅建军[1,2] 张猛[1] 沈玉帮[1] 徐晓雁[1] 孙俊龙[1] 李家乐[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学省部共建水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,农业部淡水渔业与种质资源利用重点实验室,江苏无锡214081

出　　处：《水产学报》2015年第12期1780-1787,共8页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD26B02);现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-46-04);上海市种业发展项目(2012NY10);上海高校水产学一流学科建设项目;通威股份有限公司产学研项目(TW2014F003)~~

摘　　要：为了研究草鱼幼鱼阶段生长性状和肌肉成分的遗传改良潜力,随机采集288尾人工繁育的4月龄草鱼幼鱼,基于12对微卫星标记,鉴定出来自16个家系（8个母本,9个父本）的273尾个体,各家系、母本和父本对应子代贡献率存在极显著差异（P〈0.01）。对草鱼3个生长性状（体质量、体长和肥满度）和2个肌肉成分（粗蛋白含量和粗脂肪含量）比较发现,3个生长性状和粗蛋白含量在家系和母系半同胞间存在显著差异（P〈0.05）,而3个生长性状和2个肌肉成分在父系半同胞间差异均不显著（P〉0.05）。基于动物模型和限制性最大似然法,草鱼4月龄体质量、体长、肥满度、粗蛋白含量和粗脂肪含量的遗传力估值分别为0.34、0.33、0.17、0.17和0.20,其中3个生长性状遗传力估值达显著水平（P〈0.05）。遗传相关分析显示,体质量与体长之间呈极显著正相关（0.82,P〈0.01）,肥满度与体质量和2个肌肉成分之间存在显著正相关（0.17~0.29,P〈0.05）。研究表明,草鱼4月龄生长性状具有较高的选育潜力,并可通过体长选择实现对体质量的遗传改良;推测在草鱼生长改良过程中,可能会伴随肥满度和粗脂肪含量的变化,这应当引起重视。Aimed to access the genetic effect on growth traits and flesh components in juvenile grass carp（ Ctenopharyngodon idella）. Total of 288 juvenile grass carp at four months of age were random collected from artificial breeding program,and 273 of them were unambiguously assigned to sixteen full-sib families（ from eight dams and nine sires） using twelve microsatellites. The contributions to the offspring by different families（ full-sib and half-sib families） were showed with significant non-uniform distribution（ P 0. 01）.Three growth traits（ body weight,standard length,and condition factor） and two flesh components（ protein and fat contents） of fish were detected in our study. The significant differences of three growth traits and protein content were detected among full-sib families and dam half-sib families（ P0.05）,whereas,no significant differences of five traits were detected among sire half-sib families（ P0.05）. The genetic parameters for these traits of juvenile grass carp were estimated using restricted maximum likelihood（ REML） algorithm based on animal model. The heritability estimates for growth traits were 0.34 for body weight,0. 33 for standard length,and 0.17 for condition factor,which were all significantly different from zero（ P0.05）. Whereas,the heritability estimates for flesh components were 0.17 for protein content,and 0.20 for fat content,but not significantly from zero（ P0.05）. Highly positive genetic correlation was found between standard length and body weight（ 0.82,P0.01）. Meanwhile,significantly positive genetic correlations were showed between condition factor to other traits studied except standard length（ 0.17-0.29,P 0.05）. Therefore,selection for increased standard length of C. idella is expected to produce favorable improvement in body weight,but it may lead to unfavorable changes in condition factor and fat content. This should be taken into account in practical breeding programs of C. idella.

关 键 词：草鱼 生长性状 肌肉成分 遗传参数 

分 类 号：Q348[生物学—遗传学] S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]