某船用发动机活塞头开裂失效分析  

Fracture failure analysis of the piston head of an engine for ship

作　　者：王园园[1] 刘海波[1] 张林涛[1] 王君[1] 许宗凡 

机构地区：[1]国家标准件产品质量监督检验中心,浙江海盐314300 [2]中国航空工业标准件制造有限责任公司,贵州贵阳550014

出　　处：《钢铁研究》2015年第6期44-47,共4页Research on Iron and Steel

摘　　要：为探索某船用发动机活塞头开裂失效的原因,应用扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪、光学显微镜、直读光谱分析仪、硬度仪对该断裂件进行了组织、硬度和化学成分等分析。研究结果表明,由于活塞头存在夹渣缺陷,当活塞头在工作过程中受到冲击力作用时,夹渣缺陷处萌生裂纹,成为疲劳源。疲劳裂纹在交变应力作用下逐步扩展,当疲劳裂纹贯穿整个活塞头底面后,活塞头开裂出现漏气、漏油,从而造成发动机停机故障。To investigate the cause of the piston head fracture failure in an engine for ship,the structure,hardness and chemical composition etc.of the piston head were analyzed by means of SEM,EDS,light microscope,OES and hardness tester.The results showed that when the piston head was impacted during operation,the cracks originated from the part containing slag defects in the piston head,which became the source of fatigue.The fatigue cracks expanded gradually under the alternating stresses.Finally,the fatigue cracks ran through the underside of the piston head and the leaking piston head caused the engine to shut down.

关 键 词：开裂 夹渣缺陷 疲劳源 疲劳裂纹 

分 类 号：TG115[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]