播期对夏直播花生生理特性及产量的影响  

Effects of Sowing Date on Physiological Characteristics and Yield of Summer-planting Peanut

作　　者：张倩[1] 崔莎莎[1] 高波[1] 刘辰[1] 孙奇泽[1] 姚远[1] 李向东[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学农学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《花生学报》2015年第4期21-26,共6页Journal of Peanut Science

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD11B04-2);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30840056;31171496);山东省现代农业体系花生创新团队首席专家专项基金(SDAIT-05-022-01)

摘　　要：通过田间试验,以大花生品种(系)365-2为试验材料,研究了不同播期对夏直播花生营养生长、生理特性及产量的影响。结果表明,随播期推迟,出苗率降低,主茎高变矮、侧枝长变短,分枝数、主茎绿叶数和饱果数减少,同时花生植株根、茎、叶以及饱果的干物质重呈下降趋势。夏直播花生早播有利于提高花针期和结荚期叶绿素含量,随播期的推迟,叶片净光合速率、叶绿素荧光参数ΦPSⅡ逐渐下降。与6月5日相比,6月15日、20日、25日叶面积系数分别降低15.23%、17.26%、21.33%,荚果产量、籽仁产量和出仁率逐渐降低,与6月5日早播相比,6月10日、15日、20日、25日荚果产量分别降低3.95%、17.29%、25.40%、29.67%。The experiment was carried out with big peanut varieties（lines）of 365--2 as experimen- tal material to study the effects of sowing date on summer-planting peanut vegetative growth, physio- logical characteristics and yield. The results showed that seed emergency rate, main stem height, branch length, branch numbers, main stem green leaf numbers, full fruit numbers were dropped, and dry matter accumulation of peanut in root, stem, leaf, plump fruit decreased with delay of the sowing date. Early sowing of summer-planting peanut is advantageous to increase the chlorophyll content in pegging stage and pod setting stage, and the photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters ΦPSⅡ decreased with delay of the sowing date. Leaf area index of planting on 15 June, 20 June, 25 June decreased respectively by 15.23%, 17.26%, 21.33% compared with 5 June. Pod yield, kernel yield, kernel percentage decreased with delay of the sowing date, pod yield planting on 10 June, 15 June, 20 June, 25 June decreased respectively by 3.95%, 17.29%, 25.40%, 29.67% compared with 5 June.

关 键 词：播期 夏直播花生 生理特性 产量 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学] S352.1