黄土丘陵区刺槐人工林与乡土植物叶片和细根功能性状比较研究  

Comparative Studies on Plant Functional Traits of Leaf and Fine Root Between Robinia pseudoacacia and Local Plant Community in Hilly-Gully Region of the Loess Plateau,China

作　　者：王红霞[1] 温仲明[1,2,3] 高国雄[1,2] 戚德辉 郭茹[3] 杨士梭 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]中国科学院教育部水土保持与生态环境研究中心,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2016年第1期1-7,共7页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学资助项目(41271297);中国科学院重要方向项目(KZCX2-EW-406)

摘　　要：植物功能性状是表征植物与环境关系的重要媒介。不同种群间功能性状的差异直接决定其竞争优势,并决定群落的结构和功能,影响整个群落的演替与发展。以黄土丘陵区森林草原带不同立地环境下的刺槐林和乡土植物群落为研究对象,比较二者功能性状随立地环境的变化,进而阐明其对不同环境的适应策略。结果表明:(1)同一坡向,刺槐林和乡土植物群落的叶N含量、根C含量、根N含量、比叶面积、叶组织密度及比根长之间有显著性差异(p<0.05),而根P含量、根组织密度只在阴坡上有显著性差异(p<0.05)。除叶组织密度、根组织密度、根P含量外,刺槐其他各功能性状值均高于乡土植物群落。在同一坡位,刺槐林叶C含量、叶N含量和根C含量、根N含量、比叶面积、比根长整体上显著高于乡土植物群落(p<0.05);(2)刺槐林的土壤C含量、土壤P含量在阴阳坡上均低于乡土植物群落,阳坡土壤N含量高于乡土植物群落,阴坡上则相反;在不同坡位上,两者的土壤C含量有显著性差异(p<0.05);(3)刺槐林和乡土植物群落5m的土壤含水量变化基本一致。刺槐林下土壤含水量低于乡土植物群落。在干旱贫瘠的环境中,刺槐林具有较高的叶养分含量、根养分含量、比叶面积和比根长,具备较强的水分和养分竞争能力;而乡土植物群落具有较小的比叶面积、较大的叶组织密度和根组织密度,虽然可以较好地维持体内水分和养分的平衡,形成对环境的有效适应,但相比刺槐水分和养分竞争能力较弱。因此,在黄土丘陵区植物恢复重建中,要充分考虑物种对环境的适应性及其对生长的影响,要维持物种适应环境与健康生长间的平衡。Plant functional trait is an important medium to express the relationships between plants and environment.The difference in functional traits among different species decides their competitiveness in a community,affecting the structure,function and development of the community.We selected artificial forest of Robinia pseudoacacia and local plant community in forest-steppe zone in hilly-gully region in Loess Plateau,and compared the differences of the functional traits between Robinia pseudoacacia and local plant community under different site conditions and clarified their adaptive strategies to local environment.The results showed that：（1）within the same slope aspect,there was a significant difference in the nitrogen content of leaf,carbon and nitrogen contents of root,specific leaf area,leaf tissue density and specific root length between Robinia pseudoacacia and local plant community（p〈0.05）while the phosphorous content of root and the root tissue density showed significant difference only in the north-facing slope（p〈0.05）,the function of man-made forest of Robinia pseudoacaciacharacter values was higher than the local plant community（exceptleaf tissue density,root tissue density and phosphorus content of root,under the same slope position,the carbon and nitrogen contents,specific leaf area and specific root length of Robinia pseudoacacia were significantly higher than those of the local plant community;（2）the soil carbon and nitrogen contents of Robinia pseudoacacia plantation were lower than those of the local plant community in south-and north-facing slopes,and the soil phosphorus content was higher than that of the local plant communities in the southfacing slope,and opposite in north-facing slope,the soil carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus contents of Robinia pseudoacacia plantation and local plant community between slope positions were not significantly different（p〈0.05）,under different slope positions,only soil carbon content of Robinia pseudoacacia plantation and local plant commun

关 键 词：刺槐林 乡土植物群落 植物功能性状 黄土丘陵区 适应策略 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]